Speech rhythm and temporal structure: Converging perspectives?

Goswami, Usha; Leong, Victoria

doi:10.1515/lp-2013-0004

Cited by 93 publications

(118 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Accordingly, atypical childhood phase entrainment in the delta band (and possibly the theta band, which was not tested here) to the temporal modulations in speech may be related to the phonological impairments that characterise this disorder of learning, across languages. If neuronal sampling of the speech signal is atypical, then segmentation of the speech stream into meaningful phonological units would also be atypical, from early in development (Goswami and Leong, 2013). For example, stress patterns, stressed syllables and prosodic structure would be identified less effectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…nursery rhymes) and infant-directed speech (IDS) are highly rhythmic, accurate phase entrainment to slower temporal modulations might be expected to be critical developmentally for setting up the language system (Goswami, 2015). In infancy and early childhood, when semantic and pragmatic knowledge are relatively sparse, bottom-up phase entrainment to prosodic structure might be of primary importance (Kovelman et al, 2012, Goswami and Leong, 2013). The role of phase entrainment in the accuracy of speech processing by infants and children has yet to be studied in any depth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Atypical right hemisphere response to slow temporal modulations in children with developmental dyslexia

et al. 2016

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Phase entrainment of neuronal oscillations is thought to play a central role in encoding speech. Children with developmental dyslexia show impaired phonological processing of speech, proposed theoretically to be related to atypical phase entrainment to slower temporal modulations in speech (< 10 Hz). While studies of children with dyslexia have found atypical phase entrainment in the delta band (~ 2 Hz), some studies of adults with developmental dyslexia have shown impaired entrainment in the low gamma band (~ 35–50 Hz). Meanwhile, studies of neurotypical adults suggest asymmetric temporal sensitivity in auditory cortex, with preferential processing of slower modulations by right auditory cortex, and faster modulations processed bilaterally. Here we compared neural entrainment to slow (2 Hz) versus faster (40 Hz) amplitude-modulated noise using fNIRS to study possible hemispheric asymmetry effects in children with developmental dyslexia. We predicted atypical right hemisphere responding to 2 Hz modulations for the children with dyslexia in comparison to control children, but equivalent responding to 40 Hz modulations in both hemispheres. Analyses of HbO concentration revealed a right-lateralised region focused on the supra-marginal gyrus that was more active in children with dyslexia than in control children for 2 Hz stimulation. We discuss possible links to linguistic prosodic processing, and interpret the data with respect to a neural ‘temporal sampling’ framework for conceptualizing the phonological deficits that characterise children with developmental dyslexia across languages.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atypical right hemisphere response to slow temporal modulations in children with developmental dyslexia

et al. 2016

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“…The stress band shows the highest amplitude modulation for the stressed syllable in each case, whereas the syllable band shows an amplitude peak for each individual syllable (numbered 1-4 in the figures). Phase alignment of the amplitude peaks at the stress and syllable rates contributes to prosodic prominence 79,80,114 γ-range 72 are not evidence that this atypical processing causes dyslexia. The atypical processing could equally be a result of years of reduced phonological recoding experience.…”

Section: Specific Language Impairmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Accordingly, studies of French adults with dyslexia showing atypical neural processing of amplitude modulations in the 58 . Ba,Bb | Changes in amplitude modulation (denoted 'AM' in the figure) at three different linguistically relevant temporal rates (stressed syllable, syllable and phonetic rate) are shown for the four-syllable words 'comfortable' (primary stress on first syllable) and 'debatable' (primary stress on second syllable) spoken in real time 114 . The raw acoustic signal is shown at the bottom in black.…”

Section: Specific Language Impairmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensory theories of developmental dyslexia: three challenges for research

Goswami¹

2014

Nat Rev Neurosci

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363

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Recent years have seen the publication of a range of new theories suggesting that the basis of dyslexia might be sensory dysfunction. In this Opinion article, the evidence for and against several prominent sensory theories of dyslexia is closely scrutinized. Contrary to the causal claims being made, my analysis suggests that many proposed sensory deficits might result from the effects of reduced reading experience on the dyslexic brain. I therefore suggest that longitudinal studies of sensory processing, beginning in infancy, are required to successfully identify the neural basis of developmental dyslexia. Such studies could have a powerful impact on remediation.

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“…It has been suggested that modulation in the envelope of the speech signal at different time scales might provide a useful physical correlate to rhythm perception (Goswami and Leong, 2013). In particular, the timing of signal amplitude decrease/increase and phase difference between modulation rates at different scales within the same speech signal might encode much rhythmic information (Goswami and Leong, 2013), which is not captured by our temporal prediction model above. However, hypotheses on predictability in amplitude modulation could be tested across languages using the same time series approach we use here.…”

Section: General Discussion and Conclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seeking Temporal Predictability in Speech: Comparing Statistical Approaches on 18 World Languages

Jadoul

Ravignani

Thompson

et al. 2016

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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Temporal regularities in speech, such as interdependencies in the timing of speech events, are thought to scaffold early acquisition of the building blocks in speech. By providing on-line clues to the location and duration of upcoming syllables, temporal structure may aid segmentation and clustering of continuous speech into separable units. This hypothesis tacitly assumes that learners exploit predictability in the temporal structure of speech. Existing measures of speech timing tend to focus on first-order regularities among adjacent units, and are overly sensitive to idiosyncrasies in the data they describe. Here, we compare several statistical methods on a sample of 18 languages, testing whether syllable occurrence is predictable over time. Rather than looking for differences between languages, we aim to find across languages (using clearly defined acoustic, rather than orthographic, measures), temporal predictability in the speech signal which could be exploited by a language learner. First, we analyse distributional regularities using two novel techniques: a Bayesian ideal learner analysis, and a simple distributional measure. Second, we model higher-order temporal structure—regularities arising in an ordered series of syllable timings—testing the hypothesis that non-adjacent temporal structures may explain the gap between subjectively-perceived temporal regularities, and the absence of universally-accepted lower-order objective measures. Together, our analyses provide limited evidence for predictability at different time scales, though higher-order predictability is difficult to reliably infer. We conclude that temporal predictability in speech may well arise from a combination of individually weak perceptual cues at multiple structural levels, but is challenging to pinpoint.

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Speech rhythm and temporal structure: Converging perspectives?

Cited by 93 publications

References 56 publications

Atypical right hemisphere response to slow temporal modulations in children with developmental dyslexia

Atypical right hemisphere response to slow temporal modulations in children with developmental dyslexia

Sensory theories of developmental dyslexia: three challenges for research

Seeking Temporal Predictability in Speech: Comparing Statistical Approaches on 18 World Languages

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