Speech Production in Motor Speech Disorders

Weismer, Gary; Green, Jordan R.

doi:10.1002/9781118584156.ch14

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…For example, slow rate and frequent and/or protracted pauses may directly interfere with communication including by rendering an exchange socially unacceptably long. Communication partners may experience increased memory demands, 24 thereby reducing listener engagement. Conversational turn‐taking and speech repairs 52 may be disrupted.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, speaking rate and its components, articulation rate and percent pause time, are promising contributors to the communicative participation of PALS. Cognitive demands on listeners due to slow and atypical speech can further interfere with successful interactions 24 . Moreover, these features are validated indicators of bulbar involvement, 25–27 can decline before detectable changes in intelligibility, 28 and can be affected prior to clinician‐ or patient‐reported changes to speech function 29,30 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The relationship of rate and pause features to the communicative participation of people living with ALS

Connaghan,

Green,

Eshghi

et al. 2024

Muscle and Nerve

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Introduction/AimsMany people living with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (PALS) report restrictions in their day‐to‐day communication (communicative participation). However, little is known about which speech features contribute to these restrictions. This study evaluated the effects of common speech symptoms in PALS (reduced overall speaking rate, slowed articulation rate, and increased pausing) on communicative participation restrictions.MethodsParticipants completed surveys (the Communicative Participation Item Bank‐short form; the self‐entry version of the ALS Functional Rating Scale‐Revised) and recorded themselves reading the Bamboo Passage aloud using a smartphone app. Rate and pause measures were extracted from the recordings. The association of various demographic, clinical, self‐reported, and acoustic speech features with communicative participation was evaluated with bivariate correlations. The contribution of salient rate and pause measures to communicative participation was assessed using multiple linear regression.ResultsFifty seven people living with ALS participated in the study (mean age = 61.1 years). Acoustic and self‐report measures of speech and bulbar function were moderately to highly associated with communicative participation (Spearman rho coefficients ranged from rs = 0.48 to rs = 0.77). A regression model including participant age, sex, articulation rate, and percent pause time accounted for 57% of the variance of communicative participation ratings.DiscussionEven though PALS with slowed articulation rate and increased pausing may convey their message clearly, these speech features predict communicative participation restrictions. The identification of quantitative speech features, such as articulation rate and percent pause time, is critical to facilitating early and targeted intervention and for monitoring bulbar decline in ALS.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship of rate and pause features to the communicative participation of people living with ALS

Connaghan,

Green,

Eshghi

et al. 2024

Muscle and Nerve

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“…For example, an impaired trigeminal nerve will likely result in jaw weakness and an impaired hypoglossal nerve will likely result in tongue weakness. Although the disease initially manifests in different body locations depending on the person (e.g., some speakers initially present with tongue weakness, whereas others may present with leg weakness), eventually all nerves become affected, which, in the case of speech, results in broad deficits across multiple articulatory domains (Samlan & Weismer, 1995;Weismer & Green, 2015). Darley and colleagues posit that this general reduction in muscle strength may contribute to imprecise consonant production in speakers with flaccid dysarthria (Darley et al, 1969a(Darley et al, , 1969b, which aligns with our findings and those in prior acoustic studies (Lee et al, 2017;Lee & Fischer, 2019;Turner et al, 1995;Yunusova et al, 2005Yunusova et al, , 2012.…”

Section: Als Phenotype: Impaired Speed Precision and Rate Compared To...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The efficacy of acoustic-based articulatory phenotyping for characterizing and classifying four divergent neurodegenerative diseases using sequential motion rates

et al. 2022

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Despite the impacts of neurodegeneration on speech function, little is known about how to comprehensively characterize the resulting speech abnormalities using a set of objective measures. Quantitative phenotyping of speech motor impairments may have important implications for identifying clinical syndromes and their underlying etiologies, monitoring disease progression over time, and improving treatment efficacy. The goal of this research was to investigate the validity and classification accuracy of comprehensive acoustic-based articulatory phenotypes in speakers with distinct neurodegenerative diseases. Articulatory phenotypes were characterized based on acoustic features that were selected to represent five components of motor performance: Coordination, Consistency, Speed, Precision, and Rate. The phenotypes were first used to characterize the articulatory abnormalities across four progressive neurologic diseases known to have divergent speech motor deficits: amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), progressive ataxia (PA), Parkinson's disease (PD), and the nonfluent variant of primary progressive aphasia and progressive apraxia of speech (nfPPA+PAOS). We then examined the efficacy of articulatory phenotyping for disease classification. Acoustic analyses were conducted on audio recordings of 217 participants (i.e., 46 ALS, 52 PA, 60 PD, 20 nfPPA+PAOS, and 39 controls) during a sequential speech task. Results revealed evidence of distinct articulatory phenotypes for the four clinical groups and that the phenotypes demonstrated strong classification accuracy for all groups except ALS. Our results highlight the phenotypic variability present across neurodegenerative diseases, which, in turn, may inform (1) the differential diagnosis of neurological diseases and (2) the development of sensitive outcome measures for monitoring disease progression or assessing treatment efficacy.

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“…The clinical characteristics of dysarthric speech following stroke include rate of speech, prosody, resonance, phonation, articulation, and overall intelligibility. These factors can be evaluated through perceptual, acoustic, manometric, and palatographic means [16][17][18][19][20][21][22]. One commonly used clinical tool with adult populations is the Assessment of Intelligibility of Dysarthric Speech (AIDS) [23] which evaluates speech intelligibility at the word level and sentence level and provides a percentage of the intelligibility of speech at both levels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Combined Respiratory Muscle Training on Dysarthric Speech Following Single Cerebrovascular Accident: A Retrospective Pilot Study

Arnold

Bausek

Gaskill

et al. 2023

MRAJ

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Background: Dysarthria frequently occurs as a result of stroke and adversely impacts speech sound production, making it more difficult for the listener to understand what the person with dysarthria is attempting to communicate. This in turn may lead to social isolation, depression, and increased cost of care. Some studies have underscored the importance of respiratory muscle strengthening as it relates to improvement of speech intelligibility. This retrospective investigation examined the effects of a combined Respiratory Muscle Training (cRMT) protocol upon speech intelligibility in persons post single cerebrovascular accident (CVA). Methods: The clinical data of 10 patients who requested pro bono speech therapy for the diagnosis and treatment of dysarthria following a single stroke was utilized for this study. The intervention group was treated with three 5-minute sessions with cRMT each day for 28 consecutive days. The control group received no cRMT and no other therapeutic exercise intervention during the time period. Respiratory and speech intelligibility were assessed pre- and post-intervention in terms of peak expiratory flow, subject self-perception of intelligibility, and word level intelligibility. Results: After 28 days of cRMT, the intervention group (IG) exhibited significant gains compared to the control group (CG) in peak expiratory flow (PEF) (IG: 73.12% vs CG: 4.66%), Self-Perception of Intelligibility (IG: 72.38% vs CG: 0.83%), and the word task of the Assessment of Intelligibility of Dysarthric Speech (AIDS) (IG: 43.92% vs. CG: 0%). Conclusion: These data suggest cRMT is a feasible and effective treatment for improving breath support and speech intelligibility in persons with dysarthric speech.

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Speech Production in Motor Speech Disorders

Cited by 4 publications

References 132 publications

The relationship of rate and pause features to the communicative participation of people living with ALS

The relationship of rate and pause features to the communicative participation of people living with ALS

The efficacy of acoustic-based articulatory phenotyping for characterizing and classifying four divergent neurodegenerative diseases using sequential motion rates

The Effect of Combined Respiratory Muscle Training on Dysarthric Speech Following Single Cerebrovascular Accident: A Retrospective Pilot Study

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