Speech movements do not scale by orofacial structure size

Riely, Rachel R.; Smith, Anne

doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00502.2002

Cited by 30 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Thus, it is not possible to comment on possible correlations between the magnitude of oral articulatory movement and skeletal or morphological variations. However, a recently reported analysis of size scaling of oral movement in speech production failed to find significant evidence of a size-amplitude scaling relationship [62]. This evidence suggests that normal variations in craniofacial and oral articulatory size do not pose major concerns for interpretation of the present data.…”

Section: Limitationssupporting

confidence: 38%

Influence of Bolus Consistency on Lingual Behaviors in Sequential Swallowing

Steele

Lieshout

2004

Dysphagia

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Thickened liquids are a commonly recommended intervention for dysphagia. Previous research has documented differences in temporal aspects of bolus transit for paste versus liquid consistencies; however, the influence of liquid viscosity on tongue movements during swallowing remains unstudied. We report an analysis of the influence of bolus consistency on lingual kinematics during swallowing. Electromagnetic midsagittal articulography was used to trace tongue body and dorsum movement during sequential swallows of three bolus consistencies: thin, nectar-thick, and honey-thick liquids. Rheological profiling was conducted to characterize viscosity and density differences among six liquids (two of each consistency). Eight healthy volunteers participated; four were in a younger age cohort (under age 30) and four were over the age of 50. The primary difference observed across the liquids of interest was a previously unreported phenomenon of sip-mass modulation; both flavor and density appeared to influence sip-sizing behaviors. Additionally, significantly greater variability in lingual movement patterns was observed in the older subject group. Systematic variations in lingual kinematics related to bolus consistency were restricted to the variability of downward tongue dorsum movement. Otherwise, the present analysis failed to find empirical evidence of significant modulations in tongue behaviors across the thin to honey-thick consistency range.

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Section: Limitationssupporting

confidence: 38%

Influence of Bolus Consistency on Lingual Behaviors in Sequential Swallowing

Steele

Lieshout

2004

Dysphagia

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“…Additional analyses of parts of the present dataset as well as data from the other protocols are planned for submission in parallel as separate publications. At present, these separate reports involve the relationship between speech movements and orofacial structure size (Riely & Smith, 2003) and the independent control of each articulator (Walsh & Smith, 2002).…”

Section: Methods Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of functional synergies for speech motor coordination in childhood and adolescence

Smith¹,

Zelaznik²

2004

Developmental Psychobiology

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Adults produce rapid, interleaved sequences of speech sounds by controlling the relative motions in time and space of the oral articulators. The control and coordination of these effectors appear to be automatic, effortless, and usually error free. If speech production is viewed within the framework of classical motor control theories, we can infer that adults have organized functional synergies (consistent patterns of activation of muscle collectives) that act as stable subunits. In this study, the development of these stable functional synergies is examined. Motion of the upper lip, lower lip, and jaw was recorded during sentence production in 180 children and adults (aged 4-22 years). Two indices of oral motor coordination were computed, which reflect the degree of trial-to-trial consistency in intereffector relationships and thus the stability of the underlying functional synergies. Major findings are: (a) The time course of development for speech motor coordination is protracted, (b) speech motor control processes are not adultlike until after age 14 years for both females and males, (c) boys (until age 5 years) show a slower maturational course of speech motor development, and (d) late childhood (the 7- to 12-year period) is characterized by a plateau in the development of these coordinative synergies for speech production. We posit that multiple factors are likely to contribute to the protracted development of oral motor coordination for speech, including maturation of components of the motor system itself and maturation of the brain subsystems for language processing.

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“…This result is initially surprising, since young children, with their smaller oral structures, must be using more of the available articulatory space for their production of stressed syllables. However, prior evidence has shown that adults and children produce similar amplitude movements overall, even with their differences in structure size (Riely & Smith, 2003). Children may produce these ''hyperarticulated'' movements to achieve an acoustic goal.…”

Section: Developmental Changementioning

confidence: 96%

Mapping of prosodic structure onto words and phrases in children's and adults' speech production

Goffman

Heisler

Chakraborty

2006

Language and Cognitive Processes

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Direct recordings of lip and jaw movement were obtained to investigate how children and adults differentiate prosodic structure both within iambic and trochaic words and across word boundaries. It was hypothesised that children, especially those with less mature language skills, would be particularly likely to produce strong-weak (or trochaic) sequences. This experiment examined children's (both normally developing and specifically language impaired, aged 4-6 years) and adults' productions of prosodic sequences that were controlled for syntactic and phonetic content, but that differed in rhythmic alternations, both within words (i.e., iambs vs. trochees) and across words (i.e., optimal strong-weak vs. stress gap or stress clash). To avoid final position effects, target words were in utterance internal position. Analyses included kinematic measures of prosodic structure (i.e., amplitude and duration of movements in weak vs. strong syllables; ratios of weak-tostrong movements). Consistent with prior work, weak syllables in iambs were produced differentially from those in trochees; though these effects were now observed in utterance internal position. However, in noun-noun sequences within a phrase, even when the rhythm rule was violated, prosodic foot structure was not reorganised as a function of rhythmic properties of the utterance. Overall, children with the least mature language skills demonstrated poor control of temporal and amplitude aspects of movement, especially in weak syllables. Findings are related to the organisation of speech production units across prosodic levels.

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Speech movements do not scale by orofacial structure size

Cited by 30 publications

References 32 publications

Influence of Bolus Consistency on Lingual Behaviors in Sequential Swallowing

Influence of Bolus Consistency on Lingual Behaviors in Sequential Swallowing

Development of functional synergies for speech motor coordination in childhood and adolescence

Mapping of prosodic structure onto words and phrases in children's and adults' speech production

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