Speculation on Carbon Dioxide and Retrolental Fibroplasia

Wolbarsht, Myron L.; George, Gregory S.; Kylstra, Jan A.; Landers, Maurice B.; Shearin, W. Arthur

doi:10.1542/peds.71.5.859

Cited by 12 publications

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Ophthalmic Toxicology

Ballantyne¹

2009

General, Applied and Systems Toxicology

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Ophthalmic toxicology is a specialist area that deals with potentially adverse effects on the eye from chemicals and their metabolites, reaching the eye by local contact and from the systemic circulation, and also covers the effects that may be produced systemically by chemicals that have been absorbed into the circulation following topical contact with the eye. This chapter reviews, with illustrative examples, all these aspects of ophthalmic toxicology, with particular reference to causation, mechanisms of production of lesions, relevant in vivo and in vitro laboratory testing procedures, the significance and clinical relevance of the observed effects. Site‐specific lesions and functional disturbances in the eye that are discussed in detail are those to the cornea, iris, ciliary body, aqueous humour production, the lens, retina, optic nerve and extraocular muscles. Systemic effects following topical contamination of the eye are discussed particularly for chemicals and drugs, and discussed in terms of the sites of absorption.

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Ophthalmic Toxicology

Ballantyne¹

2009

General, Applied and Systems Toxicology

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The Efficiency of Laser Panretinal Photocoagulation for Diabetes

Wolbarsht

Landers

1991

NATO ASI Series

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Retinopathy of prematurity: the influence of gestational age and retinal maturity on the statistical behavior of risk factors

Koerner¹,

Bossi²,

Wetzel³

et al. 1986

Graefe's Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol

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The clinical and laboratory data on 140 premature infants, 74 cases with retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and 66 control cases without ROP, were correlated with ROP grades of increasing severity. By using multiple linear regression (MLR), it is shown that for predicting ROP grades the importance of certain variables varies considerably depending on the gestational age. Below 32 weeks of gestation, acidosis, hyperoxemia, gestational age, pathologic paCO2 levels, and multiple birth are strong regressors. Above 31 weeks, the most important regressors are multiple birth and acidosis, while gestational age and duration of FiO2 greater than 0.4 are much less influential. Blood transfusions and artificial ventilation do not seem important in the MLR of either group. When ROP is regressed on the number of paO2 values above 100 torr and gestational age or on the number of paCO2 values above 50 torr and gestational age, the regression coefficients of these variables drop to near zero at a gestational age of about 32 weeks. This loss of weight of the two variables paO2 and paCO2 with increasing gestational age coincides with a comparable drop of the relative incidence of ROP and the relative incidence of immature retinal vessels. It is hypothesized that it is the proportion of infants with an immature retinal vasculature in populations of given gestational ages rather than the gestational age itself which is responsible for the widely varying importance of certain factors during the development of ROP.

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Speculation on Carbon Dioxide and Retrolental Fibroplasia

Cited by 12 publications

References 0 publications

Ophthalmic Toxicology

Ophthalmic Toxicology

The Efficiency of Laser Panretinal Photocoagulation for Diabetes

Retinopathy of prematurity: the influence of gestational age and retinal maturity on the statistical behavior of risk factors

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