Spectrums and Outcomes of Adnexal Torsion at Different Ages

Abstract

Ultrasonography plays an important role in the preoperative diagnosis of adnexal torsion. Despite ovarian involvement in most of the cases, isolated oviduct torsion was not uncommon. The spectrum of histological diagnoses varied among the age groups.

A Case–Control Study of Sonographic Maximum Ovarian Diameter as a Predictor of Ovarian Torsion in Emergency Department Females With Pelvic Pain

“…The most common grayscale sonographic abnormality in torsion is asymmetric ovarian enlargement, usually to greater than 5 cm, frequently due to an underlying mass . In adults, the incidence of ovarian torsion without an accompanying ovarian mass greater than 3 cm is extremely rare . Lee et al .…”

Comparison of adnexal torsion in different phases of women’s life: a retrospective cohort study

“…According to Feng et al, 15% of cases occur during childhood, and 15% of cases occur during or after menopause. 5 In this study adnexal torsion was seen in 18.8% in adolescent group, 71.6% in reproductive age group and 9.4% in postmenopausal group. Adnexal torsion has varied symptoms and signs at presentation.…”

“…In postmenopausal cases, teratoma was the most common histological type. 5 In the study by Spinelli et al, in adolescents ovarian torsion occurred in 56.7% on ovaries with functional lesion, in 23.3% on normal adnexa and in 20% on ovaries with benign neoplasm. 11 The incidence of ovarian torsion with ovarian malignancy was <2%.…”

Letter to “Ovarian size as a risk factor for recurrent adnexal torsion: Smaller is not better”

“…Adnexal torsion includes rotation of an ovary and/or a fallopian tube, though isolated tubal torsion or tubal torsion caused by mesosalpinx cyst are rare. 2 And the size of mesosalpinx cyst is also a risk factor for adnexal torsion in the same way.…”

“…3,4 Second, we do not know whether the ultrasound is transvaginal or transabdominal in detail, because transabdominal ultrasound can be problematic in overweight individual and make evaluation less accurate, 4 and transabdominal or transrectal approach was the only choice for virgin patients. 2 Third, the definition of adnexal torsion is not rigorous in Introduction section. Adnexal torsion includes rotation of an ovary and/or a fallopian tube, though isolated tubal torsion or tubal torsion caused by mesosalpinx cyst are rare.…”