Spectrum of viral infections in post-transplant lung

Abstract

The purpose of this article is to describe incidental extramammary findings identified on breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Methods and materials: A retrospective review of 545 breast MRI performed between 2013e2015 was conducted across two district general hospitals. Each hospital used 1.5T MR units. Results: 542/545 (99%) were female. 37/545 (7%) patients had incidental findings. In this group, 37/37 (100%) were female with an average age of 56.5 years. 26/37 (70%) had no history of cancer. 7/37 (19%) had previous breast cancer. 4/37 (11%) were undergoing breast cancer treatment at the time of the MRI scan. Benign extramammary findings were common (33/37; 89%). The liver was major site with frequently reported simple cysts (28/37; 76%) and haemangioma (2/37; 3%). Eight MRI reports of 'high intensity focus' in the liver were not followed-up with advised ultrasonography clarification. A multi-nodular goitre was referred to the ear, nose and throat (ENT) department and monitored. A 1.2 cm focus was noted in the spleen, which was possibly a simple cyst. 3/37 (8%) findings were significant. Two new breast cancer recurrences with pulmonary metastatic spread were found (2/37; 5%). They were referred to oncology. One non-toxic multi0nodular thyroid goitre was referred to ENT and had a total thyroidectomy. Conclusion: Incidental extramammary MRI findings are, overall, uncommon. However, when found, they should warrant further follow up. Three patients in our series had significant findings, which resulted in further treatment or a new diagnosis. Two of these patients had a previous breast cancer history. Hence, careful scrutiny for additional pathology outside the breast and the axilla is important and findings should be further clarified.