Spectrum of renal pathology in adult patients with congenital renal anomalies—a series from a tertiary cancer center

Dhillon, Jasreman; Mohanty, Sambit K.; Kim, Tim; Sexton, Wade J.; Pow-Sang, Julio; Spiess, Philippe E.

doi:10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2013.10.002

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Horseshoe kidney (HSK) is the most common abnormality renal fusion anomaly,[ 13 ] estimated to be 1/400–1600 births with the prevalence of 0.25% among the general population. [ 14 15 16 ] Its developmental abnormalities include the fusion of the lower poles, resulting in abnormal position of the ureter in the renal pelvis, and highly placed ureteropelvic junction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence and characteristics of kidney stones in patients with horseshoe kidney: A systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2018

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Introduction:The horseshoe kidney (HSK) is the most common type of renal fusion anomaly. The incidence and characteristics of kidney stones in patients with HSK are not well studied. The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the incidence and types of kidney stones in patients with HSK.Methods:A systematic literature search was performed using MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews from the databases' inception through November 2016. Studies assessing the incidence and types of kidney stones in patients with HSK were included. We applied a random-effects model to estimate the incidence of kidney stones. The study protocol was registered with PROSPERO (International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews; no. CRD42016052037).Results:A total of 14 observational studies with 943 patients (522 adults and 421 pediatric) with HSK were enrolled. The estimated pooled incidence of kidney stones was 36% (95% confidence interval [CI], 15%–59%) in adults with the HSK. Kidney stones were less common in pediatric patients with HSK with an estimated pooled incidence of 3% (95% CI, 2%–5%). The mean age of adult stone formers with HSK was 44.9 ± 6.2 years, and 75% were males. Within reported studies, 89.2% of kidney stones were calcium-based stones (64.2% calcium oxalate [CaOx], 18.8% calcium phosphate [CaP], and 6.2% mixed CaOx/CaP), followed by struvite stones (4.2%), uric acid stones (3.8%), and others (2.8%).Conclusions:Kidney stones are very common in adult patients with HSK with an estimated incidence of 36%. Calcium-based stones are the most prevalent kidney stones in adults with HSKs. These findings may impact the prevention and clinical management of kidney stones in patients with HSK.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence and characteristics of kidney stones in patients with horseshoe kidney: A systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2018

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“…Horseshoe kidney is the most common fusion defect of the kidney, with an incidence of approximately 1 in 500, and a 2:1 male preponderance [ 1 ]. A horseshoe kidney results from fusion of both kidneys, usually at the lower poles, joined together by a fibrous or parenchymal isthmus [ 2 ]. These patients can be prone to a variety of complications including renal tract calculi, pelviuretric junction obstruction and renal tumours [ 1 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These patients can be prone to a variety of complications including renal tract calculi, pelviuretric junction obstruction and renal tumours [ 1 ]. The incidence of urothelial carcinoma is higher in patients with horseshoe kidney, likely due to factors such as chronic obstruction, recurrent urinary tract infections and stone formation [ 2 ]. Nevertheless, renal cell carcinoma remains the most common renal cancer in horseshoe kidney patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laparoscopic left hemi-nephroureterectomy for a patient with suspected urothelial carcinoma in a horseshoe kidney

Cullivan

Byrnes

D’Arcy

2022

Journal of Surgical Case Reports

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A 76-year-old gentleman with a background of benign prostatic hyperplasia, hiatus hernia and anxiety was referred to the rapid access haematuria service following an episode of painless visible haematuria. Flexible cystoscopy did not reveal any concerning bladder lesions. CT Urogram demonstrated a horseshoe kidney with a filling defect in the left upper pole moiety suspicious for an urothelial carcinoma. The patient was subsequently referred to the urology services in a tertiary centre. Flexible ureterorenoscopy was performed, with findings of a likely urothelial carcinoma corresponding to the suspicious area on imaging. Biopsy of this lesion revealed a low grade urothelial cancer. The patient proceeded to have a laparoscopic left heminephroureterectomy with an open bladder cuff. The patient recovered well and urinary catheter was removed Day 12 post procedure after the performance of a cystogram. Histology revealed a favourable pTa low grade malignancy, and the patient will require ongoing follow-up moving forward. This case report highlights the operative intricacies in managing patients with horseshoe kidney due to anatomic variations associated with this condition.

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“…Pelvic lymphadenectomy should be done meticulously without injuring the anomaly, however any injury to the vein has a salvageable option in such cases. Horseshoe kidney (HSK) is the most common abnormality renal fusion anomaly [11] . Estimated to be 1/400-1600 births with the prevalence of 0.25% among the general population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unexpected encounters challenging modified radical hysterectomy

Shanmugam¹,

Hussain²,

Kumar³

2019

Int. J. Clin. Obstet. Gynaecol.

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The intention of this study is to educate and caution young surgeons about the possibility of stumbling into anatomical anomaly while operating for cancer cervix. Methods: This is an observational study, reflecting the numbers of congenital anomalies that were encountered while doing hysterectomy for cancer cervix in a tertiary care hospital within a 16 years span. Results: This study revealed the overall prevalence of congenital anomalies while performing hysterectomy for cancer cervix to be 2.9% and double ureter to be most common anomaly encounterd. Conclusion: Anatomical anomalies pose challenges when encountered while operating for cancer cervix. Surgical methods and dissections need to be planned accordingly to protect urinary pathways and vessels, that should be kept in mind particularly by low volume surgeons. Surgery can be disastrous if they is not recognized prior to procedure.

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Spectrum of renal pathology in adult patients with congenital renal anomalies—a series from a tertiary cancer center

Cited by 11 publications

References 18 publications

Incidence and characteristics of kidney stones in patients with horseshoe kidney: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Incidence and characteristics of kidney stones in patients with horseshoe kidney: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Laparoscopic left hemi-nephroureterectomy for a patient with suspected urothelial carcinoma in a horseshoe kidney

Unexpected encounters challenging modified radical hysterectomy

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