“…Table VI summarizes these different aspects, namely -fragmentation, modulation, quality-of-transmission, traffic grooming, survivability, energy saving, and networking cost reductions by SBVT. [14], [21], [22] Reactive [12], [14], [34], [36], [50], [56], [57] Modulation Online [60]- [63] Offline [14] Quality of transmission [62], [63] Traffic grooming [67], [71], [72], [91], [26], [73] Survivability Protection [81]- [84] Restoration [80], [86]- [90], [92] Energy saving [93], [97], [98] Networking cost caused by SBVT [25], [27] IX. EXPERIMENTAL DEMONSTRATIONS This section presents the experimental demonstrations that have tested the functionality of the elastic optical network.…”