Spectroscopy of pendular states in optical-field-aligned species

Kim, Wousik; Felker, Peter

doi:10.1063/1.470770

Cited by 136 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…In the case of linear molecules, bending can be understood in terms of electronic state mixing. For CS 2 and CO 2 , singlet and triplet excited states are bent. In Figure 10 we show a schematic representation, from a "dressed state" point of view, 54,55 leading to molecular deformation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Simulations of TG data presented here follow the quantum mechanical expression for the time dependent susceptibility, [35][36][37]46 where 2 for the molecule, 47 B v is the vibrationally dependent rotational constant, D is the …”

Section: A Evidence Of Alignment and Structuralmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1,6 Friedrich and Herschbach developed the laser induced alignment theory based on earlier observations of dissociative multiphoton ionization experiments on CO and I 2 with intense infrared lasers conducted by Normand et al 7 and Dietrich et al, 8 respectively. Demonstrations of the laser induced alignment technique have been conducted by Kim and Felker on large nonpolar molecules 2,9 and by Stapelfeldt and co-workers on smaller molecules. 10,11 Posthumus et al have examined the multiphoton dissociative ionization of H 2 , N 2 , and I 2 with 50 fs pulses and found that only H 2 and N 2 showed alignment characteristics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the Results section we present results obtained by time resolved transient grating measurements. We then present results obtained from strong field multiphoton excitation of CS 2 and analyze the angular distribution of the fragment ions. In the Discussion we correlate the different measurements and analyze them in terms of alignment and structural deformation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this report we study alignment and deformation for a number of molecular species using the time resolved transient grating (TG) method. For CS 2 , we obtain angle resolved ion yields following Coulomb explosion in the molecular beam and find evidence for the molecular deformation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ultrafast Laser Induced Molecular Alignment and Deformation: Experimental Evidence from Neutral Molecules and from Fragment Ions

2003

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The alignment and molecular structure deformations induced by intense off-resonance excitation with ultrafast laser pulses are examined using femtosecond transient grating spectroscopy and by angle resolved multiphoton ionization in a molecular beam. The goal of this study is to correlate evidence obtained from the angular dependence of multiphoton ionization and from rotational recurrences observed in neutral molecules regarding alignment and molecular structure deformation. Structural parameters are determined by analysis of the fieldfree rotational recurrences, obtained by transient grating measurements, or by analysis of the anisotropy in the detected fragment ions, in the molecular beam experiments. Experimental data were obtained for CS 2 , CO 2 , acetylene, and benzene, for pulse intensities ranging from 10 11 to 10 14 W/cm 2 . The experimental results are consistent with molecular alignment resulting from a "kick" induced by the ultrafast off-resonance field. The results also provide evidence of molecular structure deformations. Results from transient grating experiments indicate that the electric field can induce alignment and bending in polyatomic molecules and that these effects can take place in the absence of ionization.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%