2010
DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.104.253604
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Spectroscopic Test of Bose-Einstein Statistics for Photons

Abstract: Using Bose-Einstein-statistics-forbidden two-photon excitation in atomic barium, we have limited the rate of statistics-violating transitions, as a fraction ν of an equivalent statistics-allowed transition rate, to ν<4.0×10{-11} at the 90% confidence level. This is an improvement of more than 3 orders of magnitude over the best previous result. Additionally, hyperfine-interaction enabling of the forbidden transition has been observed, to our knowledge, for the first time.

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Cited by 36 publications
(42 citation statements)
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“…We conclude by observing that the effect of particle statistics in different quantum phenomena is regarded to be of much importance motivating newer tests beyond traditional arenas [26]. Our approach of studying the influence of particle statistics on the arrival time distribution provides an independent manifestation of the fundamental quantum property of indistinguishability.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…We conclude by observing that the effect of particle statistics in different quantum phenomena is regarded to be of much importance motivating newer tests beyond traditional arenas [26]. Our approach of studying the influence of particle statistics on the arrival time distribution provides an independent manifestation of the fundamental quantum property of indistinguishability.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Note that the test described in [1] does not involve electromagnetic excitations that can be treated as non-bosonic over their entire time of existence. Instead, the electromagnetic field is prepared in a coherent and intrinsically bosonic laser state.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Recently, a remarkable experiment using a two-photon atomic transition has been interpreted as a new test of photon statistics [1]. The transition rate is affected by the symmetry state of the two photons involved.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…There have been therefore a lot of interest in experiments looking for Bose symmetry violation as a means of testing the present theoretical framework. Theoretical ideas and experimental investigations for Bose symmetry violations have looked at the spin-0 nucleus of oxygen 16 O [3, 4], molecules such as 16 O 2 and CO 2 [5][6][7][8], photons [9][10][11][12][13][14], pions [15] and Bose symmetry violating transitions [16][17][18][19][20][21][22]. Theoretically a scenario where Bose symmetry is not exact swings open doors to a plethora of avenues for new physics [23][24][25][26][27].…”
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confidence: 99%