“…To prove this conclusion, Raman spectra of these Co 3 O 4 /GCB hybrids were carried out and the obtained results are shown in Figure b. As observed, the Raman signals of these samples show five characteristic peaks at about 189, 470, 516, 609, and 679 cm −1 that correspond to the F 1 2g CoO 2 scissoring vibration and the E g , F 2 2g , F 3 2g , and A 1g symmetric Co−O stretching vibration modes, respectively . Relative to unloaded Co 3 O 4 , there is a positive shift in the Co−O band to higher wavenumbers for these hybrids.…”