Spectroscopic properties and mechanisms of excited state absorption and energy transfer upconversion for Er3+-doped glasses

Zou, Xuelu; Izumitani, Tetsurô

doi:10.1016/0022-3093(93)90742-g

Cited by 337 publications

(127 citation statements)

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“…These days there has been great interest in rare-earth gallate glasses primarily for their optical properties and applications as laser host materials, phosphors and other optical applications [1][2][3][4][5][6]. In particularly, gallate glasses have relatively low vibrational frequencies by comparison with their halide counterparts [4,7].Consequently, these gallate glasses are of interest as the host glassy matrix for rare-earth atoms such as Pr, Nd, Ho, etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural investigation of gallate glass using L3-edge extended X-ray absorption spectroscopy and computer simulation

Kidkhunthod

Bootchanont

Barnes³

2016

Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids

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General rightsThis document is made available in accordance with publisher policies. Please cite only the published version using the reference above. ) prepared by aerodynamic levitation and laser heating. The short range ordering around the rare-earth has been obtained by combined technique including molecular dynamics simulation (MD). The results give an average Pr-O coordination number of 6.68(2) and a mean Ga-O coordination number of 4.29(2).A good agreement between the experimental data and the simple molecular dynamics simulations give rising a glass network of a Pr-O polyhedral structure and a predominant GaO 4 tetrahedral network in this glass.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural investigation of gallate glass using L3-edge extended X-ray absorption spectroscopy and computer simulation

Kidkhunthod

Bootchanont

Barnes³

2016

Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids

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“…The ET process, in which an excited ion nonradiatively transfers its energy to an already excited neighbor, is one of the most efficient mechanisms and has been observed in a large number of systems including fluoroindate glasses. [8][9][10][11][12][13][14] This mechanism can arise from electric multipole or exchange interactions, and its rate occurrence depends on the RE concentration due to the ion-ion separation. In the present case, we expect that ET is the dominant process because of the large Er 3ϩ concentration in our samples and because the intermediate ESA step ( 4 I 13/2 → 2 H 11/2 ) is a two-photon transition with small probability to occur due to the laser frequency detuning for intermediate states and the weak laser intensity used.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Presently, it is well known that the upconversion efficiency is larger for fluoride glasses because the multiphonon emission rates are much lower than the rates for the same levels of Er 3ϩ in other glasses. 1,14 In the present work we report results of our investigations on the upconversion properties of Er 3ϩ -doped fluoroindate glass using the infrared radiation from a cw diode laser as the excitation source. This work extends our previous roomtemperature studies 7 for the whole range of temperatures from 24 to 448 K.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequency upconversion inEr3+-doped fluoroindate glasses pumped at 1.48 μm

Maciel

Araújo

Messaddeq³

et al. 1997

Phys. Rev. B

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We report on efficient frequency upconversion in Er 3ϩ -doped fluoroindate glass. The process is observed under 1.48 m laser diode excitation and results in fluorescence generation in the range from ultraviolet to near-infrared radiation. The study was performed for samples containing 1, 2, and 3 ErF 3 mol % in the range of temperatures from 24 to 448 K. The upconverted signals were studied as a function of the laser intensity, and their dynamical behavior is described using a rate equation model which allows us to obtain the energy transfer rates between Er 3ϩ ions in pairs and triads. ͓S0163-1829͑97͒07509-7͔

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“…Multiphonon relaxation to a large extent determines the luminescence intensity and radiative transition efficiency. Hence, the multiphonon relaxation rate W MPR can be calculated according to the procedures proposed by Man et al [21,22] . The W MPR for Er 3+ : 4 I 11/2 → 4 I 13/2 in the investigated glass is 236 s −1 , which is lower that of germanates (1.11×10 4 s −1 ) and fluorophosphates (6.53×10 3 s −1 ) [22] .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hence, the multiphonon relaxation rate W MPR can be calculated according to the procedures proposed by Man et al [21,22] . The W MPR for Er 3+ : 4 I 11/2 → 4 I 13/2 in the investigated glass is 236 s −1 , which is lower that of germanates (1.11×10 4 s −1 ) and fluorophosphates (6.53×10 3 s −1 ) [22] . To understand the energy transfer mechanism further, we obtained the upconversion spectra of the glass sample under 980-nm excitation (Fig.…”

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confidence: 99%

Ef f icient 2.7-\mu m emission in Er3+-doped bismuth germanate glass pumped by 980-nm laser diode

et al. 2012

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An Er3+ -doped lead-free bismuth germanate glass is synthesized. Its 2.7-µm emission property is analyzed, and the efficient 2.7-µm emission from the glass is observed under 980-nm laser diode excitation. The prepared glass possesses high spontaneous transition probability (64.8 s −1 ) and a large calculated emission cross section (6.61×10 −21 cm 2 ) corresponding to the 4 I 11/2 → 4 I 13/2 transition. The multiphonon relaxation rate for the excited state 4 I 11/2 is only 236 s −1 . Therefore, the excellent spectroscopic properties and outstanding thermal stability suggest that this glass is a suitable host for developing solid-state lasers operating in the mid-infrared.OCIS codes: 160.2750, 160.4760, 160.5690. doi: 10.3788/COL201210.091601.Over the past several decades, compact solid-state lasers operating in the wavelength region around 2.7 µm have been actively developed because of their applicability in various fields, such as remote sensing, atmosphere pollution monitoring, eye-safe laser radar, and medical surgery [1−4] . Much effort has been directed to the search for new laser materials in the mid-infrared (MIR) range. Host glass and active ion are two important factors in achieving efficient and high-quality optical devices based on rare-earth ions. Er 3+ -doped non-oxide glass (such as fluoride and chalcogenide glasses), which is a compact and efficient source of 2.7-µm radiation, has been researched extensively [5−9] . However, fluoride and chalcogenide glasses have fussy preparation processes and poor thermal stability, chemical durability, and physical and mechanical performance. These disadvantages restrain their wider application in 2.7-µm fibers [10] . Therefore, MIR laser materials from oxide glass are necessary.To improve the emission feature of the Er 3+ : 4 I 11/2 excited state, the oxide glass host should have low phonon energy. Among various oxide glasses, bismuth glass shows many significant advantages over other oxide glasses in terms of the fluorescent properties of rare earth. A previous study has shown that bismuth glass has significantly lower phonon energy (MPE of ∼440 nm −1 ) than germanate and tellurite glasses. This property is helpful in reducing the multiphonon relaxation rate for Er 3+ : 4 I 11/2 → 4 I 13/2 transition [11] . The large refractive index (∼2.1) is favorable for obtaining large absorption and emission cross sections. Moreover, bismuth glass exhibits better thermal stability and chemical durability than fluoride and chalcogenide glasses. These characteristics make bismuth glass a suitable host for MIR solidstate lasers. This work aims to investigate the spectroscopic performance of 2.7-µm emission in Er 3+ -doped bismuth glass, as well as the radiative properties and emission cross section.The investigated host bismuth glass had the following composition in cation%: 55BiO 1.5 -30 GeO 2 -15NaO 0.5 (BGNE). The single doping concentration of Er 3+ in the form of ErF 3 was 2 mol%. Using ErF 3 will induce a positive effect on MIR emission properties of rare earth (RE) ...

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Spectroscopic properties and mechanisms of excited state absorption and energy transfer upconversion for Er3+-doped glasses

Cited by 337 publications

References 20 publications

Structural investigation of gallate glass using L3-edge extended X-ray absorption spectroscopy and computer simulation

Structural investigation of gallate glass using L3-edge extended X-ray absorption spectroscopy and computer simulation

Frequency upconversion inEr3+-doped fluoroindate glasses pumped at 1.48 μm

Ef f icient 2.7-\mu m emission in Er3+-doped bismuth germanate glass pumped by 980-nm laser diode

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