“…Many researchers have reported the interaction of BSA with metal NPs such as Ag [21], CdS [22], Au [23], ZnO [24] and polymer NPs such as chitosan [25], polymeric [26], hyperbranched poly (amine) ester [27], polystyrene [28], and polymer [29]. SNPs were widely used in applications such as tire mixtures [30], nanocomposite films [31,32], and biomedicine as a nanocarrier [33]; it is essential to study their interactions with the proteins in a biological system.…”