Spectroscopic investigation of tissue-specific biomass profiling for Jatropha curcas L.

Abstract

Abstracte current focus of Jatropha curcas L. (Euphorbiaceae) research concerns the biodiesel obtained from the seed. However, the plant is an interesting source of biomass, and it has been applied in various ways. e characterization of the di erent parts of the plant is very important for better use of the residual biomass a er oil harvesting. We divided Jatropha samples into seven samples: leaf, stem, bark, xylem, pith, seed coat and kernel, and their characterization was made using two spectroscopic techniques, namely Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Xylem and seed coat accumulate lignin and possibly O-acetyl-4-O-methylglucurono-β--xylan hemicellulose. Xylem lignin was richer in syringyl units and seed coat lignin was richer in guaiacyl units. Leaf, pith and bark accumulate cellulose and no Oacetyl-4-O-methylglucurono-β--xylan hemicellulose, and the kernel had a low rate of lignocellulose.

Coexistence but Independent Biosynthesis of Catechyl and Guaiacyl/Syringyl Lignin Polymers in Seed Coats

“…Many of the Euphorbiaceae plants characterized in this study, for example, J. curcas, V. fordii (also known as the tung oil tree), A. moluccana (candlenut), and R. communis (castor oil plant), have attracted considerable research attention for their potential applications as feedstocks for biodiesel production (Sujatha et al, 2008;Vega-Sánchez and Ronald, 2010;Abdulla et al, 2011). Studies describing chemical and/or even NMR analysis of seed coats in these plants have consequently been reported recently by other groups (Klein et al, 2010;Martin et al, 2010;Watanabe et al, 2012;Wever et al, 2012;Yamamura et al, 2012). However, the presence of C lignin in the seed coats has remained unclear, possibly because the notion that polymers could result from caffeyl alcohol polymerization has only been recently recognized (Chen et al, 2012).…”

Physicochemical modifications of dietary palm kernel meal affect growth and feed utilization of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

“…Spectral bands at 1154 and 1381 cm −1 are designated as C O symmetric stretching (Rangel-Vázquez and Leal-García, 2010) and C H absorption (Saikia et al, 1995) of cellulose and hemicelluloses, respectively. Both lignin and hemicellulose constituents could be indicated by C O stretching at 1028 cm −1 (Watanabe et al, 2012), and the band at 1244 cm −1 by syringyl ring and C O stretching (Fang et al, 2000). These lignocellulosic (cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin) spectra were different among the four experimental feeds (Fig.…”

New dry technology of environmentally friendly biomass refinery: glucose yield and energy efficiency

“…These polymers together with small amount of other components, like acetyl groups, minerals, proteins and phenolic substituents, are organized in complex three-dimensional structures, which are not uniform for different plants. Moreover, lignocellulosic plants consist of different botanical parts of various tissues present in different proportions, each tissue having its own physical properties and biochemical compositions [ 1 – 3 ]. In a biomass biorefinery situation, the separation of lignocellulose into its major tissues and components constitutes the first step of its refining to high-value-added products [ 4 , 5 ].…”