Absorption intensities and emission cross section of intermanifold transition of Er 3 + in Er 3 + : Y 2 O 3 nanocrystalsOptical absorption intensity analysis and emission cross sections for the intermanifold and the inter-Stark transitions of Nd 3 + ( 4 f 3 ) in polycrystalline ceramic Y 2 O 3 A spectroscopic analysis is performed on trivalent erbium ions, Er 3+ , doped into calcium fluorophosphate ͑FAP͒ to assess this material for its potential as a near-infrared laser host. The Judd-Ofelt model is applied to the orientation-averaged, room-temperature absorption intensities of Er 3+ in FAP to obtain the phenomenological intensity parameters: ⍀ 2 = 5.86ϫ 10 −20 cm 2 , ⍀ 4 = 0.38ϫ 10 −20 cm 2 , and ⍀ 6 = 0.88ϫ 10 −20 cm 2 . The intensity parameters are used to determine the radiative decay rates ͑emission probabilities͒, radiative lifetimes, and branching ratios of the Er 3+ transitions from the upper multiplet manifolds to the corresponding lower-lying multiplet manifolds 2S+1 L J of Er 3+ in FAP. Using the radiative decay rates for Er 3+ transitions between the corresponding excited states and the lower-lying states, the radiative lifetimes of eight excited states are determined in this host. The room temperature fluorescence lifetime and the radiative lifetime of the Er 3+ 4 I 13/2 → 4 I 15/2 ͑1.53 m͒ transition are reported and the quantum efficiency is determined to be 69% for 1.0 wt % Er 3+ :FAP. In addition, the orientationally resolved emission cross sections for the 4 S 3/2 → 4 I 15/2 and 4 I 13/2 → 4 I 15/2 transitions are presented.