Spectroscopic and chromatographic evaluation of solvent extracted guava seed oil

The phenolic compounds, tocopherols, and phytosterols in the edible oil of guava (Psidium guava) seeds obtained by supercritical CO2 extraction

“…The extraction yields obtained by either supercritical CO 2 or Soxhlet extraction were within those found in previous research with different extraction techniques (Arain et al, 2017;Cerón et al, 2016;Da Silva and Jorge, 2014;Habib, 1986;Iha et al, 2018;Opute, 1978;Prasad and Azeemoddin, 1994) but lower than those reported for supercritical CO 2 extraction with ethanol as a co-solvent (Castro-Vargas et al, 2011) (Table 1). Consistent with the abundance of linoleic acid found in this study, other oils obtained with supercritical CO 2 or organic solvents contained linoleic acid (52-79.4 %, w/w) as the most abundant fatty acid, followed by comparable quantities of oleic acid (7.8-14.0 %, w/ w), palmitic acid (6.6-14.8 %, w/w), and stearic acid (3.4-16 %, w/w), with low contributions of linolenic acid (Arain et al, 2017;Cerón et al, 2016;Da Silva and Jorge, 2014;Habib, 1986;Iha et al, 2018;Opute, 1978;Prasad and Azeemoddin, 1994). In contrast to our results, linoleic acid was present in a similar proportion to stearic acid when the oil was Table 1 Strategy of extraction, yield, fatty acid composition, and physical-chemical properties of oil extracted from Psidium guava seed.…”

“…d Extraction with n-hexane by Soxhlet (Arain et al, 2017;Iha et al, 2018). In Iha et al (2018) data are given without decimals as reported by the authors.…”

“…The oil extracted from guava seeds with organic solvents contains bioactive compounds, including phenolic compounds (e.g., 4.8 mg p-coumaric acid/100 g oil), phytosterols (e.g., up to 437.6 mg β-sitosterol/100 g oil), and tocopherols (e.g., up to 10.7 mg α-tocopherol/ 100 g oil) (Da Silva and Jorge, 2014;Malacrida and Jorge, 2013;Piombo et al, 2006). Furthermore, when the oil was extracted with either organic solvents or supercritical CO 2 (with ethanol as a co-solvent), polyunsaturated fatty acids were reported to account for at least 52 % (w/w) of the total fatty acid profile (Arain et al, 2017;Castro-Vargas et al, 2011;Cerón et al, 2016;Da Silva and Jorge, 2014;Habib, 1986;Iha et al, 2018;Malacrida and Jorge, 2013;Opute, 1978;Prasad and Azeemoddin, 1994). Concentrations of phenolic compounds, phytosterols, and tocopherols as well as those of polyunsaturated fatty acids in guava seed oil are higher or comparable to those found in other fruit seed oils, including those extracted from the seeds of the Isabela grape (Vitis labrusca L.), melon (Cucumis melo var.…”

Linoleic acid‐rich guava seed oil: Safety and bioactivity

“…Importantly, the seed extract exerts strong antioxidant, antilipid peroxidation, and antibacterial activities (Huang et al, ; Pelegrini et al, ). Hexane extraction of guava seed oil (GSO) was found to be the most efficient method to fractionate a wide range of lipophilic compounds (Arain, Sherazi, Mahesar, & Sirajuddin, ). Interestingly, ω6‐linoleic acid (LA) is mostly found in vegetable oils and is associated with health benefits including skin antiaging, wound healing, and the secondary prevention of coronary heart disease (Cosgrove, Franco, Granger, Murray, & Mayes, ; Ramsden et al, ).…”

“…Interestingly, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), among which LA is the most abundant, were mainly present in Psidium cattleianum guava seeds (Biegelmeyer et al, ). Moreover, LA (60%) was reported to be mainly present in P. guajava GSO (Arain et al, ). Furthermore, LA can be transformed to conjugated LA to prevent bone desorption, carcinogenesis, diabetes, obesity, and coronary heart disease (Brownbill, Petrosian, & Ilich, ; Fuke & Nornberg, ; Hennessy et al, ; Philippaerts, Goossens, Jacobs, & Sels, ).…”