Spectroscopic analysis of pigments and inks in manuscripts. III. Old-Slavonic manuscripts with multicolored rubication

Surface Chemistry of Gravure Printed Décor Paper and Adhesion of Melamine Formaldehyde Resin Coatings

“…It should be noted that these findings properly supported the results of previous studies, which reported that the ATR FT-IR absorption bands associated with the functional groups of printing ink organic constituents could be predominantly detected in the wavenumber region of 1200 cm -1 to 1600 cm -1 (Vikman and Sipi 2003;Bouchard et al 2009;Stenger et al 2010;Doncea and Ion 2014;Nastova et al 2015;Del HoyoMeléndez et al 2016). Therefore, it was concluded that these results could provide adequate supporting evidence of the contribution of printing ink components to the main differences in the surface chemistry characteristics of the two printed décor papers in this study.…”

“…8. The mechanism of hydrolysis, condensation, and bonding of organosilanes to a substrate (Materne et al 2005) As mentioned earlier, the FT-IR analysis indicated that, unlike in the Latin Walnut paper, the ring (network) polysiloxane structure was not formed in the Walnut décor paper, and an open structure occurred. As the curing reactions and formation of the final covalent bonds between the organosilanes and décor paper were mostly affected by the drying temperature of the printed papers, it was inferred that the Walnut printed paper was probably not subjected to the required temperature for the occurrence of a remarkable extent of cross-linking covalent bonds.…”

“…As presented in Fig. 7, the molecules of organosilanes served as molecular bridges through establishing a cross Si-O link at the interface between the inorganic or organic substrates (such as minerals, fillers, metals, and cellulose) and organic or polymeric matrices (such as rubber, thermoplastics, thermosets, and printing ink binders), and can dramatically ameliorate adhesion between them (Materne et al 2005). The mechanism of adhesion promotion in the presence of organosilanes was also illustrated in Fig.…”

“…In the presence of hydroxyl groups at the surface of the substrate, silanols (Si-OH) would form stable Si-O-covalent cross bonds with the substrates, and water molecules would be liberated. This is the key chemistry that allows silanes to function as valuable adhesion promoting agents in the industry (Witucki 1993;Materne et al 2005). It is believed that at the interface between the décor paper and gravure printing ink, the molecules of organosilanes can promote adhesion strength through the formation of Si-O-C bridges between the cellulose and printing ink binder, which act as the substrate and polymeric matrix, respectively (Materne et al 2005).…”

“…This is the key chemistry that allows silanes to function as valuable adhesion promoting agents in the industry (Witucki 1993;Materne et al 2005). It is believed that at the interface between the décor paper and gravure printing ink, the molecules of organosilanes can promote adhesion strength through the formation of Si-O-C bridges between the cellulose and printing ink binder, which act as the substrate and polymeric matrix, respectively (Materne et al 2005). However, depending on the gravure printing process parameters, such as water-based ink pH and drying temperature, the extent of silanol condensation and final cross-linking can change (Witucki 1993;Gelest Inc. 2006).…”