Spectrophotometric methods based on charge transfer complexation reaction for the determination of some antifungal drugs in pure and dosage forms

Abstract

ABSTRACT. Charge transfer complexes of some antifungal drugs fluconazole (FLU), sertaconazole nitrate (SER) and miconazole nitrate (MCO) as electron donor with the σ-acceptor iodine (I2) and 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-p-benzoquinone (DDQ), p-chloranilic acid (p-CLA) and 7,7,8, as π-acceptors in acetonitrile were investigated. The formation of the colored charge-transfer complexes were utilized in the development of simple, rapid and accurate spectrophotometric methods for the analysis of the cited drugs in pure forms and pharmaceutical formulations at 365 nm for MCO and SER using I2 method, at 460 nm for FLU and SER using DDQ method, at 535 and 530 nm for FLU and SER, respectively, using p-CLA method and at 842 nm for MCO and SER using TCNQ method. The optimum experimental conditions have been studied carefully and optimized. Beer's law was obeyed over the concentration ranges of 2.0-28, 10-240 and 2.0-160 µg mL −1 for MCO, FLU and SER, respectively, with good correlation coefficients (0.9996-0.9999). Molar absorpitivity, Sandell sensitivity, relative standard deviation, limit of detection and quantification were calculated. The obtained data refer to high accuracy and precision of the proposed method. The obtained results were confirmed by inter and intra-day accuracy and precision with percent recovery of 99.1-100%, 99.3-101% and 99.1-101% for MCO, FLU and SER, respectively. These data were compared with those obtained using official methods for the determination of the cited drugs. The proposed methods were applied successfully for simultaneous determination of the cited drugs in their pharmaceutical formulations with good accuracy and precision and without interferences from common additives.

Reversed flow-injection method for estimation of chlorpromazine in pharmaceuticals and urine samples using charge-transfer complexation

“…Generally the interactions between electron donors and acceptors are related to formation of intensely colored charge transfer complexes absorb radiation in the visible region [25,26]. The literature reported two methods based on charge transfer reaction for determination CLP as n-donor (from methylated nitrogen atom) with tetracyanoethylene, 7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane [27] and xanthine dyes (fluorescein and erythrosin) [28] as acceptors.…”

Cloud-point extraction and spectrophotometric determination of clonazepam in pharmaceutical dosage forms

“…In order to examine the usefulness of the method, the studied drug (CLO) was determined in the presence of excipients (or additives) [28] which frequently attend to CLO in its dosage forms. The experiment accomplished by measuring the absorbance of solution containing 10 µg/mL of CLO in the presence of fivefold of excipient (50 µg/mL).…”

Design and Development of Distinct Tetracyanoquinodimethane Derivatives Exhibiting Dual Effect of Fluorescence and Anticancer Activity

“…The TCNQ‐haloperidol CT complex manifested greater antimicrobial activities, tested against six various microorganisms and was utilized for the estimation of haloperidol compound in the pharmaceutical form [21] . TCNQ and its related compounds were also used for the spectrophotometric determination of sumatriptan, zolmitriptan, serotonin, [22] gatifloxacin, [23] antihistamine, [24] trazodone, amineptine and amitriptyline hydrochlorides [25] . Interestingly, nortriptyline and desipramine were also determined in blood, [26] by using TCNQ derivative through high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with a diode array spectrophotometer.…”