Spectrophotometric Determination of Zidovudine in Pharmaceuticals Based on Charge‐Transfer Complexation Involving N‐Bromosuccinimide, Metol and Sulphanilic Acid as Reagents

Abstract

Abstract:A simple spectrophotometric method is proposed for the determination of zidovudine(ZDV) in bulk drug and in pharmaceutical preparations. The method is based on the oxidation of ZDV by a known excess of oxidant N-bromosuccinimide (NBS), in buffer medium of pH 1.5, followed by the estimation of unreacted amount of oxidant with metol and sulphanilic acid. The reacted oxidant corresponds to the amount ZDV. The purple-red reaction product absorbs maximally at 530 nm and Beer's law is obeyed over a range 5 to 75 µg mL -1 . The apparent molar absorptivity is calculated to be 5.1x10 3 L mol -1 cm -1 , and the corresponding Sandell sensitivity value is 0.052 µg cm -2 . The limit of detection and quantification are found to be 0.90 and 2.72, respectively. Intra-day and inter-day precision and accuracy of the developed methods were evaluated as per the current ICH guidelines. The method was successfully applied to the assay of ZDV in tablet/capsule preparations and the results were statistically compared with those of the reference method by applying the Student's t-test and F-test. No interference was observed from the common tablet/capsule excipients. The accuracy of the method was further ascertained by performing recovery studies via standardaddition method.

Visible Spectrophotometric Determination of Gemigliptin using Charge Transfer Complex

“…Therefore, an increase of gemigliptin concentration causes a relative decrease in absorbance values. The mechanism involved in the present case corroborates with that of previous researchers 26,28,[30][31] . The plausible mechanism is shown in Fig.…”

“…Signal to noise ratio values were used to calculate both the limits for quantification as well as detection 30 . LOQ as well as LOD for gemigliptin determination using the current method was done using values of S (calibration curve slope) and σ (response standard deviation) 31 .…”

Kinetic spectrophotometric determination of some fluoroquinolone antibiotics in bulk and pharmaceutical preparations

“…Several methods have been reported for the determination of fluoroquinolones either in pure forms, in dosage forms, or in biological fluids like chromatography [3][4][5][6][7][8][9], capillary zone electrophoresis [10,11], electrochemistry [12][13][14][15], atomic absorption spectrometry [16,17], spectrofluorimetry [18][19][20][21] and spectrophotometric methods for GMF [22][23][24][25][26][27][28], MOX [16,[29][30][31][32][33] and GTF [16,[34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44]. These methods are associated with some major drawbacks such as decreased selectivity due to measurement in ultraviolet region [22,23,29,30] and/or de...…”

Spectrophotometric Determination of Zidovudine in Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms

“…Zidovudine inhibits the key enzyme reverse transcriptase. Literature survey reveals that, several spectrophotometric method 1,2 titrimetric and spectrophotometric method 3 , HPLC method 4 have been reported for the estimation of zidovudine in pharmaceutical formulations. Few analytical methods were reported in literature for the determination of zidovudine and Lamivudine in combinations which includes spectrophotometric method 5 , HPLC 6 spectrophotometric, first derivative of the ratio-spectra and high-performance liquid chromatography-UV methods 7 .…”