Spectrophotometric determination of codeine in pharmaceutical preparations

Farsam, Hassan; Yahya-Saeb, H.H.; Fawzi, Ahmad B.

doi:10.1016/0378-5173(81)90061-2

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Ion‐pair extractive spectrophotometry was used in the assay of pharmaceuticals25–31 and different alkaloids32, 33 due to its sensitivity and selectivity. Though, ion‐pair extractive spectrophotometry has several advantages, it has some difficulties and inaccuracies due to incomplete extraction or the formation of emulsions between organic and aqueous phase.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of two sulfonthalein dyes in the extraction‐free spectrophotometric assay of tramadol in dosage forms and in spiked human urine based on ion‐pair reaction

Vinay

Revannasiddappa

Rajendraprasad

et al. 2011

Drug Testing and Analysis

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Tramadol is a centrally acting analgesic used in the prevention and treatment of moderate to severe pain. Two sensitive, selective, and rapid spectrophotometric methods are described for the determination of tramadol in its dosage forms and in spiked human urine. The methods are based on formation of yellow ion-pairs between tramadol and two sulfonthalein dyes; bromocresol purple (BCP) and bromocresol green (BCG) in dichloromethane medium followed by absorbance measurement at 400 and 410 nm, respectively. Under the optimum conditions, tramadol could be assayed in the concentration ranges, 1-15 and 1-16 µg ml(-1) with correlation coefficient greater than 0.999 in both cases. The molar absorptivity values are calculated to be 1.84 × 10(4) and 1.97 × 10(4) l mol(-1) cm(-1) for BCP and BCG methods, respectively; and the corresponding Sandell sensitivity values are 0.0143 and 0.0134 µg cm(-2). The limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) have also been reported. The stoichiometry of the reaction was found to be 1:1 in both cases and the conditional stability constant (K(f)) values of the ion pairs have been calculated. The within-day and between-day RSD were 0.9-1.96% and 1.56-3.21%, respectively. The methods were successfully applied to the determination of tramadol in tablets and injections and also in spiked human urine with good recoveries. The procedures are simple, accurate, and suitable for quality control application.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of two sulfonthalein dyes in the extraction‐free spectrophotometric assay of tramadol in dosage forms and in spiked human urine based on ion‐pair reaction

Vinay

Revannasiddappa

Rajendraprasad

et al. 2011

Drug Testing and Analysis

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“…Although many analytical methods were reported to analyze LMT in biological samples and pharmaceutical samples, none of these methods was suitable for routine analysis of LMT in pharmaceutical preparation. Extractive spectrophotometric procedures are popular for their sensitivity in the assay of drugs and, therefore, ion-pair extractive spectrophotometry has received considerable attention for the quantitative determination of many pharmaceutical compounds [22][23][24][25] and different alkaloids [26,27].…”

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confidence: 99%

Sensitive spectrophotometric determination of lamotrigine in bulk drug and pharmaceutical formulations using bromocresol green

2010

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Two new, simple, rapid and reproducible spectrophotometric methods have been developed for the determination of lamotrigine (LMT) both in pure form and in its tablets. The first method (method A) is based on the formation of a colored ion-pair complex (1:1 drug/dye) of LMT with bromocresol green (BCG) at pH 5.02±0.01 and extraction of the complex into dichloromethane followed by the measurement of the yellow ion-pair complex at 410 nm. In the second (method B), the drug-dye ion-pair complex was dissolved in ethanolic potassium hydroxide and the resulting base form of the dye was measured at 620 nm. Beer’s law was obeyed in the concentration range of 1.5-15 μg mL-1 and 0.5-5.0 μg mL-1 for method A and method B, respectively, and the = corresponding molar absorptivity values are 1.6932 x 104 and 3.748 x 104L mol-1cm-1. The Sandell sensitivity values are 0.0151 and 0.0068 μg cm-2 for method A and method B, respectively. The stoichiometry of the ion-pair complex formed between the dug and dye (1:1) was determined by Job’s continuous variations method and the stability constant of the complex was also calculated. The proposed methods were applied successfully for the determination of drug in commercial tablets.

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Spectrophotometric determination of meperidine hydrochloride in pharmaceutical preparations by complexation with bromocresol green

Farsam¹,

Nadjari-Moghaddam²

1984

Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis

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Spectrophotometric determination of codeine in pharmaceutical preparations

Cited by 5 publications

References 5 publications

Use of two sulfonthalein dyes in the extraction‐free spectrophotometric assay of tramadol in dosage forms and in spiked human urine based on ion‐pair reaction

Use of two sulfonthalein dyes in the extraction‐free spectrophotometric assay of tramadol in dosage forms and in spiked human urine based on ion‐pair reaction

Sensitive spectrophotometric determination of lamotrigine in bulk drug and pharmaceutical formulations using bromocresol green

Spectrophotometric determination of meperidine hydrochloride in pharmaceutical preparations by complexation with bromocresol green

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