Spectrophotometric detection of rhodamine B in tap water, lipstick, rouge, and nail polish samples after supramolecular solvent microextraction

Abstract

A simple and sensitive supramolecular solvent-based dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction method was described for the separation/preconcentration and spectrophotometric detection of rhodamine B. The microextraction method, which was realized at ambient temperature for the detection of rhodamine B, was carried out by using supramolecular solvents such as tetrahydrofuran and decanoic acid. The method was based on analyses of rhodamine B by using UV-Vis spectrophotometry at 558 nm. The influences of some parameters such as pH, sample volume, eluent solutions, centrifugation time, and ultrasonic bath time were optimized. The effects of various matrix ions were also investigated. Moreover, the limit of detection and limit of quantification were calculated as 0.49 µ g L −1 and 1.47 µ g L −1 , respectively. The preconcentration factor was 30. The relative standard deviation was determined as 5.8% in 0.5 × 10 −4 M rhodamine B. The procedure was validated by addition/recovery tests. The microextraction method was applied to determination of rhodamine B in tap water samples and cosmetic samples such as nail polish, rouge, and lipstick.

Analysis of Dyes in Cosmetics: Challenges and Recent Developments

“…Regarding banned dyes, the majority of studies are focused on the determination of Rhodamine B. Given its genotoxic effects, many methods have been exclusively developed for the analysis of this compound [9,25,27,28,36,38,39], and it will be commented on separately. With the exception of these cases, the current trend is the development of methods for the simultaneous analysis of mixtures of colorants: up to 32 for qualitative analysis [32] or 19 for quantitative analysis [26].…”

“…Concerning cosmetics, there have been several methods reported in the last 10 years that combine LC and DAD for the quantitative [28,[30][31][32] and qualitative [32] analysis of multiple dyes or that apply direct spectrophotometric measurement when only one dye is considered [9,25,27,35,39] (see Table 4). In these latter methods, good limits of detection were obtained because of the concentration achieved using an extraction technique such as SPE, CPE or DLLME previous to the analysis.…”

“…Finally, two methods based on DLLME have been developed for the determination of Rhodamine B in decorative make-up (lipstick, rouge and nail polish) [27] and Rhodamine B and 6G (CI 45160) in lipstick [28]. The first method [27] is based on the combination of two supramolecular solvents, polar and non-polar, such as THF or decanoic acid.…”

“…The first method [27] is based on the combination of two supramolecular solvents, polar and non-polar, such as THF or decanoic acid. Although the experimental procedure is considered fast, prior to micro-extraction a step consisting of solving 0.5 g of sample in 10 mL of ethyl alcohol and shaking for 2 h is needed.…”

Design of GO–Ag-functionalized Fe3O4@CS composite for magnetic adsorption of rhodamine B

“…7 Because of its hazardous nature and harmful effects, the development of a simple method for the determination of RB in different samples is necessary. Various techniques have been developed for the determination of RB to date, including ultraviolet spectrophotometry, [8][9][10] capillary chromatography, 11,12 high performance liquid chromatography, 13,14 uorescence spectrophotometry. 15,16 Due to the complexity of sample matrices and lower concentration of RB in lots of real samples, it is meaningful to develop an effective separation and enrichment technique to determine RB accurately.…”