Spectrophotometric and electrical measurements of phthalocyanine polymers

Abstract

Phthalocyanine polymers, either metal‐free or containing the transition elements Cu, Co, Cr and Fe, respectively, have been prepared from pyromellitic dianhydride by the conventional urea fusion method. The polymers were characterized and their structures were confirmed using elemental analysis, spectrophotometric measurements as IR, UV‐VIS, and XRD, and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). The calculated values of the activation energy indicate the semiconducting behavior of the metal‐free as well as the Cu and Fe phthalocyanine polymers within the temperature range 300 – 523 K. Real part of the relative permittivity (ϵ'r) for all investigated samples was measured at different temperatures as a function of frequency..

Phthalocyanine/laponite nanocomposites as multifunction additives for stabilization of polymeric materials

“…The phthalocyanine amide polymers were obtained by further reaction of either MF-TcPc, Cu or Ni-TcPc forms with 1,4-diaminobutane and 1,8-diaminonaph- 1092 cm 21 (conjugated system of phthalocyanine), 1344-1349 cm 21 (CÀ ÀN stretching), 1523 cm 21 (C¼ ¼C stretching in aromatic system), 1618-1675 cm 21 (C¼ ¼N), 1743 cm 21 (C¼ ¼O), very broad band ranged from 3058 to 3223 cm 21 corresponding to (CÀ ÀH stretching in aromatic ring, OÀ ÀH stretching of free COOH, amide NÀ ÀH stretching). These bands are in complete accordance with the data obtained by our group [8][9][10] and by Bannehr and co-workers 11 for the metal-free as well as the metalized phthalocyanines. It is worthy to notice that these bands are metal dependent and perturb slightly to higher wavenumbers in case of metalized phthalocyanines (compare spectrum a with b and c in Fig.…”

“…It is clear that beside the strong absorption of all the polymers in the UV region at 290 nm, with its intensity decreasing upon coordination with Cu or Ni in both types, there is a strong absorption in the visible range at 700-770 nm with comparable intensity and even higher for the polymers based on 1,4-diaminobutane and this was not experienced in our previous work during the synthesis of different classes of phthalocyanine amide polymers. [8][9][10] This strong absorption in the visible region disappears completely in the case of the metal-free samples irrespective of the type of amine incorporated in the structure which confirms that it is metal dependent. The weak acid resistance of the metal-free samples is thought to be responsible for the disappearance of this absorption band, as the samples are nearly unstable in the presence of strong acids on the contrary to the Ni&Cu phthalocyanine amide polymers.…”

Rapid degradation of bisphenol A using air as the oxidant catalyzed by polynuclear phthalocyanine complexes under visible light irradiation

“…The complexes synthesized different times gave the same results, suggesting the synthetic reproduction is very good. From the results of UV-vis spectra of the complexes, it can be seen that the aggregation of polynuclear phthalocyanine complexes in solution is a smaller extent than that of mononuclear complexes to receive a higher catalytic activity than mononuclear ones [34]. …”