Spectrometric and kinetic study of a modulated glow air discharge

Castillo, María V.; Herrero, Vı́ctor J.; Méndez, Isabel; Tanarro, Isabel

doi:10.1088/0963-0252/13/2/022

Cited by 27 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Despite the different reactive nitrogen speciesg enerated, the main reactions for the N 2 dissociation under both plasma conditions involved the electron-impact dissociation, and atomicr eassociation on the wall for the microwave plasma. [39] These results imply that preheating the nitrogeng as prior to the plasma exposure may likelye nhancet he conversion because heating increasesv ibrational energy.A lso, it is notablef rom this mechanism that two of the most significant intermediates for plasma-assisted NO x production are NO 2 and N 2 O, which agreedw ith previous findings from Castillo et al [40,41] The N 2 O molecules are mainly formedt hrough two main pathways,t he collisiono fr eactive nitrogen species with O 2 or the reaction betweenr eactive oxygen speciesO( 1 D) and NH radicals. [38] Wang et al [37] demonstrated that vibrational excitation of nitrogen gas is the key process that could enhancet he energy efficiency of the nitrogen fixation, especially NO synthesisv ia the Zeldovich mechanism under plasma environments, as proposed earlier by Fridman.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Sustainable Non‐Thermal Plasma‐Assisted Nitrogen Fixation—Synergistic Catalysis

et al. 2019

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In this Minireview, the multiple chemical synergies present in catalytic non‐thermal plasma‐assisted nitrogen fixation (NTPNF) are uncovered through a critical exploration of the underlying mechanisms, during which the catalyst, plasma, and reactants play different roles. For the gas‐phase NTPNF, the synergies consist of different aspects of the catalytic pathways such as electron‐impact dissociation; Zeldovich mechanism in the PNO interactions; and Eley–Rideal, Langmuir–Hinshelwood, surface adsorption, and diffusion mechanisms for the plasma–catalyst interactions. The synergies within the gas–liquid NTPNF involve contributions of plasma and UV excitation to the gas‐phase reactions and the UV excitation of molecules at the liquid–surface interface, which improves synthesis of aqueous nitrate, nitrite, and ammonium products. Based on the various synergistic mechanisms during NTPNF, future potential applications are proposed for how NTPNF could benefit the sustainable nitrogen fixation industry.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Sustainable Non‐Thermal Plasma‐Assisted Nitrogen Fixation—Synergistic Catalysis

et al. 2019

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“…Diffusion of excited species to the cathode walls, where they might collide and experiment de‐excitation, is described by Fick's Law [ Levine , ; McDaniel , ]. We have assumed a model of rigid spheres and employed the effective diameters of N 2 and O 2 from Hirschfelder et al [] to estimate the typical diffusion times along the cathode radius, as it was done in Castillo et al [], Castillo et al [], and de los Arcos et al []. Under the present air pressures ranging from 0.1 to 2 mbar, these diffusion times result to be within the interval 0.1–1 ms, considerably longer than the radiative lifetimes of the excited N 2 and

{normalN}_{2}^{+}

levels in this work, whereas the average time between successive collisions at these pressures (equivalent to some 68–50 altitudes) are of some 10 −6 –10 −7 s, respectively [ McDaniel , ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hollow cathode discharges provide a uniform, stable, and relatively intense light emission in the negative glow, as well as gas temperatures close to the room ones, which render clear advantages for spectroscopic purposes related with atmospheric research. The detailed description of the reactor is given elsewhere [Castillo et al, 2004b;de los Arcos et al, 1998]. It has a modular configuration, suitable for emission [Castillo et al, 2004b] and absorption spectroscopy [de los Arcos et al, 1998], as well as for mass spectrometry and the use of electrical probes [Castillo et al, 2004b;de los Arcos et al, 1998], with the proper selection of the different adaptors or windows to be employed at its two ends.…”

Section: Experimental Setup For Hollow Cathode Discharges In Airmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The detailed description of the reactor is given elsewhere [Castillo et al, 2004b;de los Arcos et al, 1998]. It has a modular configuration, suitable for emission [Castillo et al, 2004b] and absorption spectroscopy [de los Arcos et al, 1998], as well as for mass spectrometry and the use of electrical probes [Castillo et al, 2004b;de los Arcos et al, 1998], with the proper selection of the different adaptors or windows to be employed at its two ends. We can see in Figure 1 the experimental setup of the hollow cathode discharge used and an image of the air plasma produced.…”

Section: Experimental Setup For Hollow Cathode Discharges In Airmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spectroscopic diagnostics of laboratory air plasmas as a benchmark for spectral rotational (gas) temperature determination in TLEs

et al. 2013

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[1] We have studied laboratory low pressure (0.1 mbar Ä p Ä 2 mbar) glow air discharges by optical emission spectroscopy to discuss several spectroscopic techniques that could be implemented by field spectrographs, depending on the available spectral resolution, to experimentally quantify the gas temperature associated to transient luminous events (TLEs) occurring at different altitudes including blue jets, giant blue jets, and sprites. Laboratory air plasmas have been analyzed from the near UV (300 nm) to the near IR (1060 nm) with high (up to 0.01 nm) and low (2 nm) spectral resolution commercial grating spectrographs and by an in-house intensified CCD grating spectrograph that we have recently developed for TLE spectral diagnostic surveys with ' 0.45 nm spectral resolution. We discuss the results of lab tests and comment on the convenience of using one or another technique for rotational (gas) temperature determination depending on the altitude and available spectral resolution. Moreover, we compare available low resolution (3 nm Ä Ä 7 nm) N 2 1PG field recorded sprite spectra at 53 km (' 1 mbar), and resulting vibrational distribution function, with 1 mbar laboratory glow discharge spectrum ( = 2 nm) and synthetic sprite spectra from models. We found that while the relative population of N 2 (B 3 … g , v = 2 -7) in sprites and laboratory produced air glow plasmas are similar, the N 2 (B 3 … g , v = 1) vibrational level in sprites is more efficiently populated (in agreement with model predictions) than in laboratory air glow plasmas at similar pressures.Citation: Parra-Rojas, F. C., M. Passas, E. Carrasco, A. Luque, I. Tanarro, M. Simek, and F. J. Gordillo-Vázquez (2013), Spectroscopic diagnostics of laboratory air plasmas as a benchmark for spectral rotational (gas) temperature determination in TLEs,

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“…The authors focus mainly on the gas phase formation of NO, but recognize the importance of the surfaces of the plasma reactor. Castillo et al [10,11] also conclude that mainly heterogeneous processes are responsible for the formation of NO.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Experimental study of surface contributions to molecule formation in a recombining N₂/O₂plasma

Zijlmans¹,

Welzel²,

Gabriel³

et al. 2010

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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Abstract. A low pressure recombining Ar plasma to which mixtures of N 2 and O 2 were added has been studied to explore the relevance of surface related processes for the total chemistry. The abundances of the stable molecules N 2 , O 2 , NO, N 2 O and NO 2 have been measured by means of a combination of infrared tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy and mass spectrometry.A gas phase chemical kinetics model was developed in chemkin to investigate the contribution of homogeneous interactions to the conversion of the feedstock gases N 2 and O 2 . At a partial pressure of N 2 plus O 2 less than 8 Pa, significant discrepancies between measured and calculated concentrations of N 2 O and NO 2 were observed, indicating that heterogeneous processes are dominating the chemistry in this pressure range. At a partial pressure of N 2 plus O 2 higher than 40 Pa and a relatively high fraction of admixed O 2 we observed a fair agreement between measured and calculated concentrations of NO molecules, indicating that homogeneous processes (notably Natom induced) are more dominant than heterogeneous processes.

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Spectrometric and kinetic study of a modulated glow air discharge

Cited by 27 publications

References 63 publications

Sustainable Non‐Thermal Plasma‐Assisted Nitrogen Fixation—Synergistic Catalysis

Sustainable Non‐Thermal Plasma‐Assisted Nitrogen Fixation—Synergistic Catalysis

Spectroscopic diagnostics of laboratory air plasmas as a benchmark for spectral rotational (gas) temperature determination in TLEs

Experimental study of surface contributions to molecule formation in a recombining N₂/O₂plasma

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Spectrometric and kinetic study of a modulated glow air discharge

Cited by 27 publications

References 63 publications

Sustainable Non‐Thermal Plasma‐Assisted Nitrogen Fixation—Synergistic Catalysis

Sustainable Non‐Thermal Plasma‐Assisted Nitrogen Fixation—Synergistic Catalysis

Spectroscopic diagnostics of laboratory air plasmas as a benchmark for spectral rotational (gas) temperature determination in TLEs

Experimental study of surface contributions to molecule formation in a recombining N2/O2plasma

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Experimental study of surface contributions to molecule formation in a recombining N₂/O₂plasma