Spectroelectrochemical and ESR investigation of free radicals derived from indotricarbocyanine dyes for photodynamic therapy

Maltanava, Hanna; Belko, N. V.; Lugovski, Anatol; Brezhneva, Nadzeya; Bondarenko, Evgeny; Chulkin, Pavel; Gusakov, G. A.; Vileishikova, Natalia; Самцов, М. П.; Poznyak, S.K.

doi:10.1016/j.dyepig.2022.110599

Cited by 5 publications

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References 50 publications

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“…The functionalization of Cy7’s cyclohexane ring with halogenated atoms such as bromine and chloride is common [ 249 ], which serve as excellent leaving groups for functionalization with other groups of interest [ 250 , 251 , 252 ]; N -alkyl chains: Since cyanines are intrinsically lipophilic compounds, this characteristic can be modulated by increasing or decreasing the length of N -aliphatic chains. This modulation of biocompatibility is also carried out, for example, by introducing sulfonic groups [ 249 , 252 ], carboxylic acids [ 253 , 254 ], pyridines [ 255 ], or even more attractively, by functionalizing them with PEG chains [ 253 ] or HA units [ 256 ]. The conjugation of cyanines with porphyrin-based dyes, adding them via N -alkyl chains, is another recently reported strategy to formulate new promising PSs [ 257 ].…”

Section: N -Heterocyclic-bearing Dyes As Photodynamic Therap...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Photodynamic Therapy: From the Basics to the Current Progress of N-Heterocyclic-Bearing Dyes as Effective Photosensitizers

Lima

Reis

2023

Molecules

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Photodynamic therapy, an alternative that has gained weight and popularity compared to current conventional therapies in the treatment of cancer, is a minimally invasive therapeutic strategy that generally results from the simultaneous action of three factors: a molecule with high sensitivity to light, the photosensitizer, molecular oxygen in the triplet state, and light energy. There is much to be said about each of these three elements; however, the efficacy of the photosensitizer is the most determining factor for the success of this therapeutic modality. Porphyrins, chlorins, phthalocyanines, boron-dipyrromethenes, and cyanines are some of the N-heterocycle-bearing dyes’ classes with high biological promise. In this review, a concise approach is taken to these and other families of potential photosensitizers and the molecular modifications that have recently appeared in the literature within the scope of their photodynamic application, as well as how these compounds and their formulations may eventually overcome the deficiencies of the molecules currently clinically used and revolutionize the therapies to eradicate or delay the growth of tumor cells.

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