Spectral signature of attentional reorienting in the human brain

Spadone, Sara; Betti, Viviana; Sestieri, Carlo; Pizzella, Vittorio; Corbetta, Maurizio; Penna, Stefania Della

doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.118616

Cited by 15 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…However, our findings do not rule out the possibility that the CS-INS system might also be involved at the other phases of the trial. For example, a recent study has found that the DAN, SN, visual and frontoparietal regions are involved in the early phase of the re-orienting, which has been interpreted as a network reset signal [89]. Different from our findings, these results might reflect the reorienting modulation in task engagement or simply bottom-up stimuli processing.…”

Section: Sn Dmn and Dan In Salience Processing: Lc Plays A Role In Ne...contrasting

confidence: 96%

Spatiotemporal dissociation of brain network connectivity in salience processing: A simultaneous pupillometry-EEG-fMRI study

Hong

Sajda

2022

Preprint

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The processing of salient stimuli involves a wide range of both bottom-up and top-down processes. Previous neuroimaging studies have identified multiple brain areas and networks for salience processing, including the salience network (SN), dorsal attention network (DAN), and the locus coeruleus-norepinephrine (LC-NE) neuromodulatory system. However, interactions among these networks and the cortico-subcortical systems in salience processing remain unclear. Here, we simultaneously recorded pupillometry, electroencephalogram (EEG), and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during an auditory oddball paradigm. Using EEG-informed fMRI analysis, we temporally dissociated the target stimulus evoked activation, allowing us to identify the cascades of cortical areas associated with salience processing. Furthermore, functional connectivity analysis uncovered spatiotemporal functional network organizations of these salience processing neural correlates. Using pupillometry as a psychophysiological marker of LC-NE activity, we also assessed brain-pupil relationships. With state-space modeling of target modulated effective connectivity, we found that the target evoked pupillary response is associated with the network causal couplings from late to early subsystems, as well as the network switching initiated by the SN. These findings indicate that the SN might cooperate with pupil-indexed brainstem neuromodulatory systems, such as the LC-NE system, in the reorganization and dynamic switching of cortical networks, and shed light on the implications of their integrative framework in various cognitive processes and neurological diseases.

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Section: Sn Dmn and Dan In Salience Processing: Lc Plays A Role In Ne...contrasting

confidence: 96%

Spatiotemporal dissociation of brain network connectivity in salience processing: A simultaneous pupillometry-EEG-fMRI study

Hong

Sajda

2022

Preprint

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“…Rather, it indicates that one speaker was tracked and encoded more accurately than the other , throughout the course of each trial. This preference could manifest either as dynamic shifts of attention between the two speakers, with overall more time spent attending to one vs. the other (‘glimpsing’; Vestergaard et al 2011; Fogerty et al 2018; Shavit-Cohen and Zion Golumbic 2019; Spadone et al 2021), or as a constant preference throughout the trial to one speaker (akin to Selective Attention). Indeed, several limiting factors preclude providing a more detailed account of how this biased listening strategy is employed from the current study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Capacity and tradeoffs in neural encoding of concurrent speech during Selective and Distributed Attention

Kaufman

Golumbic

2022

Preprint

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Speech comprehension is severely compromised when several people talk at once, due to limited perceptual and cognitive resources. Under some circumstances listeners can employ top-down attention to prioritize the processing of task-relevant speech. However, whether the system can effectively represent more than one speech input remains highly debated. Here we studied how task-relevance affects the neural representation of concurrent speakers under two extreme conditions: when only one speaker was task-relevant (Selective Attention), vs. when two speakers were equally relevant (Distributed Attention). Neural activity was measured using magnetoencephalography (MEG) and we analysed the speech-tracking responses to both speakers. Crucially, we explored different hypotheses as to how the brain may have represented the two speech streams, without making a-priori assumptions regarding participants' internal allocation of attention. Results indicate that neural tracking of concurrent speech did not fully mirror their instructed task-relevance. When Distributed Attention was required, we observed a tradeoff between the two speakers despite their equal task-relevance, akin to the top-down modulation observed during Selective Attention. This points to the system's inherent limitation to fully process two speech streams, and highlights the complex nature of attention, particularly for continuous speech.

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“…However, our findings do not rule out the possibility that the CS-INR system might also be involved at the other phases of the trial. For example, a recent study has found that the DAN, SN, visual and frontoparietal regions are involved in the early phase of the re-orienting, which has been interpreted as a network reset signal [ 64 ]. Different from our findings, these results might reflect the reorienting modulation in task engagement or bottom-up stimuli processing.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pupillary response is associated with the reset and switching of functional brain networks during salience processing

Hong

Sajda

2023

PLoS Comput Biol

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The interface between processing internal goals and salient events in the environment involves various top-down processes. Previous studies have identified multiple brain areas for salience processing, including the salience network (SN), dorsal attention network, and the locus coeruleus-norepinephrine (LC-NE) system. However, interactions among these systems in salience processing remain unclear. Here, we simultaneously recorded pupillometry, EEG, and fMRI during an auditory oddball paradigm. The analyses of EEG and fMRI data uncovered spatiotemporally organized target-associated neural correlates. By modeling the target-modulated effective connectivity, we found that the target-evoked pupillary response is associated with the network directional couplings from late to early subsystems in the trial, as well as the network switching initiated by the SN. These findings indicate that the SN might cooperate with the pupil-indexed LC-NE system in the reset and switching of cortical networks, and shed light on their implications in various cognitive processes and neurological diseases.

show abstract

Spectral signature of attentional reorienting in the human brain

Cited by 15 publications

References 64 publications

Spatiotemporal dissociation of brain network connectivity in salience processing: A simultaneous pupillometry-EEG-fMRI study

Spatiotemporal dissociation of brain network connectivity in salience processing: A simultaneous pupillometry-EEG-fMRI study

Capacity and tradeoffs in neural encoding of concurrent speech during Selective and Distributed Attention

Pupillary response is associated with the reset and switching of functional brain networks during salience processing

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