Spectral Responses to Light by Unicellular Plants*

Pirson, André; Kowallik, Wolfgang

doi:10.1111/j.1751-1097.1964.tb08169.x

Cited by 26 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…In comparing the effects of blue and red light on photosynthesis, it is necessary to provide equal light quanta for the energy-dependent reactions of the primary photochemical stage of photosynthesis (25). A comparative study of the fast, easily reversible effects of red and blue light on photosynthesis of white lightgrown plants gave evidence for the different influence of red and blue light on both gas exchange and carbon metabolism (12,18,24,25).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Light Quality on the Organization of Photosynthetic Electron Transport Chain of Pea Seedlings

Voskresenskaya¹,

Drozdova²,

Krendeleva³

1977

Plant Physiol.

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The activity of NADP and 02 photoreduction by water is essentially higher in chloroplasts isolated from pea seedlings (Pisum sativum L.) grown under blue light as compared with that from plants grown under red light. In contrast, the photoreduction of NADP and 02 with photosystem I only is practically the same or even lower in chloroplasts isolated from plants grown under blue light. The data reported are interpreted in terms of differential rates of electron transport from water in the two chloroplast preparations.It is becoming increasingly evident that in green plants, light not only excites the energy-dependent reactions of photosynthesis, but it also serves in a regulatory capacity and controls essential mechanisms participating in the endogenous regulation of the vital activity of plants. The various pigments that function in this regulation may, obviously, either be involved directly in the reactions of photosynthesis or they may influence the process via other reactions which affect the metabolic and energetic state of the cell and chloroplast (15,24,25).It is possible to ascertain the specific regulatory role in photosynthesis of the pigments excited by blue light only (most probably carotenoids, flavins, porphyrins, and quinones) by comparing the effectiveness of blue and red light on photosynthesis. In comparing the effects of blue and red light on photosynthesis, it is necessary to provide equal light quanta for the energy-dependent reactions of the primary photochemical stage of photosynthesis (25). A comparative study of the fast, easily reversible effects of red and blue light on photosynthesis of white lightgrown plants gave evidence for the different influence of red and blue light on both gas exchange and carbon metabolism (12,18,24,25).Thus far, there is not a great deal known about the action of prolonged blue light on the formation of the photosynthetic apparatus of chloroplasts. A great deal of attention was paid to the role of red light in light-dependent macromolecular biosynthesis of chloroplasts (21). At the same time, it is apparent that blue light also affects the formation of the photosynthetic apparatus of chlorop!asts. Supporting evidence comes from the fact that the C02-gas exchange in plants grown under red and blue light is different and is essentially higher in blue light-grown plants (27) at all intensities of light. This is true both for C3 and C4 plants (19,28). The acceleration of C02-gas exchange in plants grown under blue light is correlated with increased activity of the carbon metabolism enzymes (19,28).As to the prolonged action of red or blue light on the photochemical activity of photosynthesis, it has been found only that blue light affects more efficiently the photoreduction of TPIP,' DPIP (1 1), and FeCN (1 1, 27) by water. To elucidate the events underlying this phenomenon, we undertook a study of the specific features of the electron transport chain organization in plants grown under blue light as compared to those grown under red light. MATERIALS AND ME...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Light Quality on the Organization of Photosynthetic Electron Transport Chain of Pea Seedlings

Voskresenskaya¹,

Drozdova²,

Krendeleva³

1977

Plant Physiol.

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“…When the DNA content of the cells was examined simultaneously with size using two-parameter flow cytometric analysis, it was found that cells grown under FL attained higher average per cell DNA content. The total DNA and RNA contents per culture volume has been reported earlier (Pirson and Kowallik, 1964). However, there were no data reported on the DNA content per cell, or per cell DNA distributions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…A higher intensity of red light resulted in smaller average cell volume. It was reported that blue light delayed the cell division (Munzner and Voigt, 1992; Pirson and Kowallik, 1960, 1964) and produced fewer and larger autospores (Kowallik, 1963; Pirson and Kowallik, 1964). The results reported here suggest that red light stimulates cell breakup and thus the cells under LEDs release about twice as many autospores when switched to FL than the cells maintained under full‐spectrum light.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Extensive work on the effect of spectral quality on photosynthetic metabolism has been performed by Kowallik and his colleagues (Kowallik, 1962, 1965; Kowallik and Grotjohann, 1988; Kowallik et al, 1990). They found that blue light delayed the cell division burst after a dark period and produced fewer and larger autospores (Kowallik, 1963; Pirson and Kowallik, 1960, 1964). These studies used monochromatic red light as a means to study the process of photosynthesis but not as an alternative light source for algal mass cultures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Photoacclimation of Chlorella vulgaris to Red Light from Light‐Emitting Diodes Leads to Autospore Release Following Each Cellular Division

Lee

Palsson

1996

Biotechnology Progress

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The detailed light requirement for photosynthesis and photoautotrophic cell growth can be assessed using solid state technology. Advanced light-emitting diodes (LEDs), constructed with double-power double-heterostructure (DDH) gallium aluminum arsenide (GaAlAs) chips, were examined for their ability to support mass culture of the eucaryotic alga Chlorella vulgaris. LEDs with peak emittance of 680 nm (with half-power band width of 20 nm) were used as a sole light source for the cultivation of C. vulgaris. Fluorescent light (FL) served as a control. The final cell mass and specific cellular growth rate under LEDs were comparable to those obtained under full-spectrum light (FL). The narrow-spectrum monochromatic red light was found to reduce the average cell volume from 60 µm 3 to 30 µm 3 , and to make the size distribution and the per cell DNA distribution narrower, but did not affect the total biomass production. By switching light sources, the two distinct cell population states (obtained under red LEDs and FL, respectively) were found to be interchangeable. Two parametric flow cytometric analyses showed that the cells grown under red LED light had a more uniform DNA content at all cell sizes, as compared to cells grown under FL. These results show that the critical cell size for releasing autospores under red LED is smaller than that under FL. The number of autospores in one mother cell when grown under LED light appeared to be two, so that the mother cells break up after only one round of DNA replication. Although the solid state LED light source altered the cell cycle behavior of C. vulgaris, it can be used as an effective light source for autotrophic growth. Use of LEDs therefore promises to advance the current state of algal photobioreactors due to their efficiency, smallness, reliability, long lifetime, and desirable light characteristics.

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“…red light) showed a preference towards protein synthesis as opposed to carbohydrate accumulation (Pirson and Kowallik 1964). 4 It turned out that this is one of the manifestations of a complex of different reactions, later termed the 'blue light syndrome' (see Senger 1980).…”

Section: The Blue Light Syndromementioning

confidence: 99%

Sixty years in algal physiology and photosynthesis

Pirson¹

1994

Photosynth Res

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This personal perspective records research experiences in chemistry and biology at four German universities, two before and two after World War II. The research themes came from cytophysiology of green unicellular algae, in particular their photosynthesis. The function of inorganic ions in photosynthesis and dark respiration was investigated at different degrees of specific mineral stress (deficiencies), and the kinetics of recovery followed after the addition of the missing element. Two types of recovery of photosynthesis were observed: indirect restitution via growth processes and immediate normalisation. From the latter case (K(+), phosphate, Mn(++)) the effect of manganese was emphasized as its role in photosynthetic O2 evolution became established during our research. Other themes of our group, with some bearing on photosynthesis were: synchronization of cell growth by light-dark change and effects of blue (vs. red) light on the composition of green cells. Some experiences in connection with algal mass cultures are included. Discussion of several editorial projects shows how photosynthesis, as an orginally separated field of plant biochemistry and biophysics, became included into general cell physiology and even ecophysiology of green plants. The paper contains an appreciation of the authors' main mentor Kurt Noack (1888-1963) and of Ernst Georg Pringsheim (1881-1970), founder of experimental phycology.

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Spectral Responses to Light by Unicellular Plants*

Cited by 26 publications

References 13 publications

Effect of Light Quality on the Organization of Photosynthetic Electron Transport Chain of Pea Seedlings

Effect of Light Quality on the Organization of Photosynthetic Electron Transport Chain of Pea Seedlings

Photoacclimation of Chlorella vulgaris to Red Light from Light‐Emitting Diodes Leads to Autospore Release Following Each Cellular Division

Sixty years in algal physiology and photosynthesis

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