Spectral Responses of Single Units in the Primate Visual Cortex

Motokawa, Köiti; Taira, Norio; Okuda, Junji

doi:10.1620/tjem.78.320

Cited by 41 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Small on responses were also noted to portions of the spectrum other than the cell's preferred locus. Thus, in the cortex corresponding to central vision, we have not located single cells giving opposite responses to complementary colors as do cells in the lateral geniculate body (De Valois 1960, De Valois et al 1966, Wiesel and Rubel 1966 and in the cortex corresponding to 15°extrafoveally (Motokawa et al 1962).…”

Section: S Pectral Sensitivity and Type Of Responsementioning

confidence: 77%

Effect of Direct Current on the Responses to Colored Flashes of Single Cells in Monkey Cortex

Guld

Lennox-Buchthal

1968

Acta Physiologica Scandinavica

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GULD, C. and M. LENNOX-BUCHTHAL. Effect of direct current on the responses to colored flashes of single cells in monkey cortex. Acta physio!. scand. 1968. 74. 142-152. In monkeys the' response to monochromatic flashes was recorded of single units in the cortex corresponding to within 1~2°from the fovea. All units which responded selectively to blue, to green or to red flashes did so in an on fashion.Direct currents were applied through the tip of the recording microelectrode. The effects of currents were those to be expected of intracellular electrodes. Smaller polarizing currents than those exciting the cell directly affected the response to light. This effect was related to the cell's spectral sensitivity. The response of red-sensitive cells was decreased by depolarizing currents but polarizing currents did not change the response of green-sensitive units. The conclusion is that red-and green-sensitive units have a specific synaptic organization in the cortex. Units responding to ail colors were affected by polarizing currents in the way to be expected, i.e. their response was increased by depolarizing and decreased by hyperpolarizing currents. The response of blue-sensitive units was affected variously.

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Section: S Pectral Sensitivity and Type Of Responsementioning

confidence: 77%

Effect of Direct Current on the Responses to Colored Flashes of Single Cells in Monkey Cortex

Guld

Lennox-Buchthal

1968

Acta Physiologica Scandinavica

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“…For cortical cells, we expected that -ith this input there might be a similar emphasis on wave-length discrimination. MotokawNa, Taira & Okuda (1962) MONKEY STRIATE CORTEX given stimulus shape was qualitatively the same-firing being increased or firing being suppressed-regardless of wave-length, and the optimum stimulus shape was independent of wave-length. Even in the two penetrations in the region representing fovea most cells seemed to be relatively unconcerned with colour, though here the proportion of cells with colour specific responses seemed higher than it was 2-4°from the fovea.…”

Section: Part I Receptive Field Typesmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…For cortical cells, we expected that -ith this input there might be a similar emphasis on wave-length discrimination. MotokawNa, Taira & Okuda (1962) have in fact described opponent colour cells in monkey cortex. It w-as surprising to us, how-ever, that the great majority of cells could discriminate precisely the orientation or direction of movement of a stimulus, but had no marked selectivity regarding wavelength.…”

Section: Part I Receptive Field Typesmentioning

confidence: 96%

Receptive fields and functional architecture of monkey striate cortex

Hubel¹,

Wiesel²

1968

The Journal of Physiology

5,857

130

2,885

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SUMMARY1. The striate cortex was studied in lightly anaesthetized macaque and spider monkeys by recording extracellularly from single units and stimulating the retinas with spots or patterns of light. Most cells can be categorized as simple, complex, or hypercomplex, with response properties very similar to those previously described in the cat. On the average, however, receptive fields are smaller, and there is a greater sensitivity to changes in stimulus orientation. A small proportion of the cells are colour coded.2. Evidence is presented for at least two independent systems of columns extending vertically from surface to white matter. Columns of the first type contain cells with common receptive-field orientations. They are similar to the orientation columns described in the cat, but are probably smaller in cross-sectional area. In the second system cells are aggregated into columns according to eye preference. The ocular dominance columns are larger than the orientation columns, and the two sets of boundaries seem to be independent.

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“…Beginning in the 1950s, color opponency was characterized in the fish retina by Svaetichin and co-workers (Daw, 1968; MacNichol and Svaetichin, 1958; Svaetichin, 1956; Svaetichin and Macnichol, 1959; Svaetichin et al, 1965; Wagner et al., 1960) (Fig. 3a), as well as single units in the LGN in primates characterized by De Valois and colleages (De Valois et al, 1966; De Valois et al, 1964; De Valois et al, 1958) and by Hubel and Wiesel (Wiesel and Hubel, 1966); early work also found color opponency in neurons in monkey visual cortex (Motokawa et al, 1962). Color opponency in primates arises as early as in the retinal ganglion cells (De Monasterio and Gouras, 1975; De Monasterio et al, 1975a,b; Gouras, 1968; Hubel and Wiesel, 1960).…”

Section: Resetting the Circadian Clock With Colormentioning

confidence: 97%

Chromatic clocks: Color opponency in non-image-forming visual function

Spitschan

Lucas

Brown

2017

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews

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During dusk and dawn, the ambient illumination undergoes drastic changes in irradiance (or intensity) and spectrum (or color). While the former is a well-studied factor in synchronizing behavior and physiology to the earth’s 24-h rotation, color sensitivity in the regulation of circadian rhythms has not been systematically studied. Drawing on the concept of color opponency, a well-known property of image-forming vision in many vertebrates (including humans), we consider how the spectral shifts during twilight are encoded by a color-opponent sensory system for non-image-forming (NIF) visual functions, including phase shifting and melatonin suppression. We review electrophysiological evidence for color sensitivity in the pineal/parietal organs of fish, amphibians and reptiles, color coding in neurons in the circadian pacemaker in mice as well as sporadic evidence for color sensitivity in NIF visual functions in birds and mammals. Together, these studies suggest that color opponency may be an important modulator of light-driven physiological and behavioral responses.

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Spectral Responses of Single Units in the Primate Visual Cortex

Cited by 41 publications

References 9 publications

Effect of Direct Current on the Responses to Colored Flashes of Single Cells in Monkey Cortex

Effect of Direct Current on the Responses to Colored Flashes of Single Cells in Monkey Cortex

Receptive fields and functional architecture of monkey striate cortex

Chromatic clocks: Color opponency in non-image-forming visual function

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