Spectral modelling of 1 ES 1218+30.4

Rüger, Michael; Spanier, F.; Mannheim, K.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15738.x

Cited by 24 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…As one can see only when separately considering the strongest outburst of 1 ES 1218+30.4 within the VERITAS campaign in 2009 the aberration from a presumed steady state is significant. In contrast an average over the whole observation of the VERITAS collaboration et al (2010), which is low-state most of the time, will result in a steady state as shown here or in Rüger et al (2010). For the IC photon index α (νF ν ∝ ν α+2 ) above 200 GeV we get α VHE = −3.53 for the low-state (solid curve in Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 59%

“…During the observations from December 2008 to April 2009 VERITAS also observed 1 ES 1218+30.4 showing a time-variability (the VERITAS collaboration et al 2010). The observations from the MAGIC telescope have previously been modelled by Rüger et al (2010). the VERITAS collaboration et al (2010) claim that their new observations exhibiting variability challenge the previous models.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Modelling the variability of 1ES1218+30.4

Weidinger¹,

Spanier²

2010

A&A

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 59%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Modelling the variability of 1ES1218+30.4

Weidinger¹,

Spanier²

2010

A&A

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“…In the first place, these models have been used as static models to describe steady-state spectral energy distributions, but with today's generation of gamma-ray telescopes, a detailed analysis of the dynamics of very high energetic sources is possible, and time-dependent modeling is inevitable. For the case of leptonic models, see, e.g., Böttcher & Chiang (2002) and Rüger et al (2010). A necessary prerequisite for a time-dependent hadronic modeling is the efficient computation of the photohadronic interactions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simplified Models for Photohadronic Interactions in Cosmic Accelerators

Hümmer

Rüger

Spanier

et al. 2010

ApJ

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164

272

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We discuss simplified models for photo-meson production in cosmic accelerators, such as active galactic nuclei (AGNs) and gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). Our self-consistent models are directly based on the underlying physics used in the SOPHIA software and can be easily adapted if new data are included. They allow for the efficient computation of neutrino and photon spectra (from π 0 decays) as a major requirement of modern time-dependent simulations of the astrophysical sources and parameter studies. In addition, the secondaries (pions and muons) are explicitly generated, a necessity if cooling processes are to be included. For the neutrino production, we include the helicity dependence of the muon decays which in fact leads to larger corrections than the details of the interaction model. The separate computation of the π 0 , π + , and π − fluxes allows, for instance, for flavor ratio predictions of the neutrinos at the source, which are a requirement of many tests of neutrino properties using astrophysical sources. We confirm that for charged pion generation, the often used production by the Δ(1232)-resonance is typically not the dominant process in AGNs and GRBs, and we show, for arbitrary input spectra, that the number of neutrinos are underestimated by at least a factor of two if they are obtained from the neutral-to-charged pion ratio. We compare our results for several levels of simplification using isotropic synchrotron and thermal spectra and demonstrate that they are sufficiently close to the SOPHIA software.

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“…This results in the increased curvature at low energies and soft spectrum at high energies. Rüger et al (2010) have fitted the contemporaneous data in X-ray and VHE γ-ray bands on 1ES 1218+304 using a SSC model involving an electron distribution as a power law with exponential cut-off. The model parameters inferred from this fitting suggest that the power spectral index s = 2.1 can be due to the Fermi acceleration process.…”

Section: Spectral Energy Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term multiwavelength view of the blazar 1ES 1218+304

Singh

Bisschoff

Soelen

et al. 2019

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

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In this work, we present a multi-wavelength study of the blazar 1ES 1218+304 using near simultaneous observations over 10 years during the period September 1, 2008 to August 31, 2018 (MJD 54710-58361). We have analyzed data from Swift -UVOT, Swift -XRT and Fermi-LAT to study the long term behaviour of 1ES 1218+304 in different energy bands over the last decade. We have also used the archival data from OVRO, MAXI and Swift -BAT available during the above period. The near simultaneous data on 1ES 1218+304 suggest that the long term multi-wavelength emission from the source is steady and does not show any significant change in the source activity. The optical/UV fluxes are found to be dominated by the host galaxy emission and can be modelled using the PEGASE code. However, the time averaged X-ray and γray emisions from the source are reproduced using a single zone leptonic model with log-parabolic distribution for the radiating particles. The intrinsic very high energy γ-ray emission during a low activity state of the source is broadly consistent with the predictions of the leptonic model for blazars. We have investigated the physical properties of the jet and the mass of the super massive black hole at the center of the host galaxy using long term X-ray observations from the Swift -XRT which is in agreement with the value derived using blackbody approximation of the host galaxy. We also discuss the extreme nature of the source on the basis of X-ray and γ-ray observations.

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Spectral modelling of 1 ES 1218+30.4

Cited by 24 publications

References 24 publications

Modelling the variability of 1ES1218+30.4

Modelling the variability of 1ES1218+30.4

Simplified Models for Photohadronic Interactions in Cosmic Accelerators

Long-term multiwavelength view of the blazar 1ES 1218+304

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