Spectral CT in Oncology

Sauerbeck, Julia; Adam, Gerhard; Meyer, Mathias

doi:10.1055/a-1902-9949

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 60 publications

(161 reference statements)

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“…The most investigated reconstructions so far are iodine density maps (IDM), virtual noncontrast imaging (VnC), virtual non-calcium imaging (VnCa) and virtual monoenergetic imaging (VMI). Of these VMI, IDM and VnC were shown to have the greatest diagnostic benefits in oncologic imaging [13]. Table 1 gives a brief summary of available virtual reconstructions and their benefits for oncologic imaging.…”

Section: Virtual Reconstructionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Benefits of Dual-Layer Spectral CT Imaging in Staging and Preoperative Evaluation of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma

Ehrengut,

Denecke,

Meyer

2023

JCM

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Imaging of pancreatic malignancies is challenging but has a major impact on the patients therapeutic approach and outcome. In particular with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), usually a hypovascularized tumor, conventional CT imaging can be prone to errors in determining tumor extent and presence of metastatic disease. Dual-layer spectral detector CT (SDCT) is an emerging technique for acquiring spectral information without the need for prospective patient selection or specific protocols, with a detector capable of differentiating high- and low-energy photons to acquire full spectral images. In this review, we present the diagnostic benefits and capabilities of modern SDCT imaging with a focus on PDAC. We highlight the most useful virtual reconstructions in oncologic imaging and their benefits in staging and assessment of resectability in PDAC, including the assessment of tumor extent, vascular infiltration, and metastatic disease. We present imaging examples on a latest-generation SDCT scanner.

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Section: Virtual Reconstructionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Benefits of Dual-Layer Spectral CT Imaging in Staging and Preoperative Evaluation of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma

Ehrengut,

Denecke,

Meyer

2023

JCM

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“…In pathological tissue, the concentration of accumulated iodine was the highest, it was 6.7 ± 4.17 × 100 µg / cm3, in muscle tissue it was 2.17 The detailed and thorough explanation of the DECT methods and variants is beyond the scope of this paper, although can be found in McCollough et al publication [2]. There is also a number of publications showing other benefits of using SpCT in many areas of medicine: oncology, emergency, orthopaedics or vascular diagnostic, however those studies were mainly based on images acquired after intravenously administration of iodine contrast agent [4][5][6][7]. There were also some studies dedicated to assess thyroid tissue (thyroid nodules, thyroid cancer metastasis) [8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Utility of non-contrast Dual Energy Computed Tomography in diagnosis of differentiated thyroid cancer – two case study

Durma¹,

Saracyn²,

Żegadło

et al. 2023

Cancer Imaging

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Background Dual Energy Computed Tomography (DECT) is a technology that allows for viewing computed tomography spectral images. This method, due to ability of presenting specific elements and substances (like water, calcium and iodine), can be used to locate selected type of tissues. Thyroid tissue due to being rich in endogenous iodine, can be located even without administration of contrast agent. Case presentation In presented cases authors used a feature of accumulating endogenous iodine in thyroid derivative tissue for diagnosis of differentiated thyroid cancer metastases. In Patient One DECT was a decisive parameter qualifying for the surgery. Due to use of DECT in Patient Two it was possible to directly localize thyroid cancer metastases, which was unfeasible using standard techniques (scintigraphy and [18 F]FDG PET/CT). It helped to perform targeted biopsy and confirm diagnosis of thyroid cancer metastases, allowing to introduce treatment with sorafenibe. Conclusion DECT confirmed its utility in locating thyroid tissues, including differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) metastases. The method could be used in the future, especially in borderline or ambiguous cases with no localization of DTC in ultrasonography, RAI scintigraphy, or [18 F]FDG PET/CT, and among patients having contraindications for contrast-CT.

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“…Consequently, this approach can offer valuable assistance in clinical diagnosis. 10 Therefore, the purpose of this study was to use normalized iodine concentration (NIC) of energy spectrum CT iodine maps to evaluate the changes in the parotid gland during radiotherapy and the occurrence of acute irradiation-induced xerostomia during radiotherapy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the Parotid Glands on an Energy Spectrum CT Iodine Map to Evaluate Irradiation-Induced Acute Xerostomia in Patients With Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

Chen,

Xie,

Chen

et al. 2024

Technol Cancer Res Treat

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Objective: This prospective study aims to evaluate acute irradiation-induced xerostomia during radiotherapy by utilizing the normalized iodine concentration (NIC) derived from energy spectrum computed tomography (CT) iodine maps. Methods: In this prospective study, we evaluated 28 patients diagnosed with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. At 4 distinct stages of radiotherapy (0, 10, 20, and 30 fractions), each patient underwent CT scans to generate iodine maps. The NIC of both the left and right parotid glands was obtained, with the NIC at the 0-fraction stage serving as the baseline measurement. After statistically comparing the NIC obtained in the arterial phase, early venous phase, late venous phase, and delayed phase, we chose the late venous iodine concentration as the NIC and proceeded to analyze the variations in NIC at each radiotherapy interval. Using the series of NIC values, we conducted hypothesis tests to evaluate the extent of change in NIC within the parotid gland across different stages. Furthermore, we identified the specific time point at which the NIC decay exhibited the most statistically significant results. In addition, we evaluated the xerostomia grades of the patients at these 4 stages, following the radiation therapy oncology group (RTOG) xerostomia evaluation standard, to draw comparisons with the changes observed in NIC. Results: The NIC in the late venous phase exhibited the highest level of statistical significance ( P < .001). There was a noticeable attenuation in NIC as the RTOG dry mouth grade increased. Particularly, at the 20 fraction, the NIC experienced the most substantial attenuation ( P < .001), a significant negative correlation was observed between the NIC of the left, right, and both parotid glands, and the RTOG evaluation grade of acute irradiation-induced xerostomia ( P < .001, r = −0.46; P < .001, r = −0.45; P < .001, r = −0.47). The critical NIC values for the left, right, and both parotid glands when acute xerostomia occurred were 0.175, 0.185, and 0.345 mg/ml, respectively, with AUC = 0.73, AUC = 0.75, and AUC = 0.75. Conclusion: The NIC may be used to evaluate changes in parotid gland function during radiotherapy and acute irradiation-induced xerostomia.

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Spectral CT in Oncology

Cited by 5 publications

References 60 publications

Benefits of Dual-Layer Spectral CT Imaging in Staging and Preoperative Evaluation of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma

Benefits of Dual-Layer Spectral CT Imaging in Staging and Preoperative Evaluation of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma

Utility of non-contrast Dual Energy Computed Tomography in diagnosis of differentiated thyroid cancer – two case study

Analysis of the Parotid Glands on an Energy Spectrum CT Iodine Map to Evaluate Irradiation-Induced Acute Xerostomia in Patients With Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

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