Spectral control of high-harmonic generation via drive laser pulse shaping in a wide-diameter capillary

Goh, S.J.; Reinink, Johan; Yin, Tao; Slot, Petrus J.M. van der; Bastiaens, Hubertus M.J.; Herek, Jennifer Lynn; Biedron, Sandra; Milton, Stephen; Boller, Klaus-J.

doi:10.1364/oe.24.001604

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…For driving HHG, we employ a femtosecond Ti:Sapphire laser system operating at a center wavelength of 795 nm at 1 kHz repetition rate (Legend Elite Duo HP USP, Coherent Inc.). The laser generates linearly polarized output pulses with a maximum pulse energy of 6.5 mJ and a pulse duration of about 40 fs [29]. To avoid any major self-phase modulation and plasma defocusing along the propagation direction, the pulse energy used in our experiment is limited to a fixed value of 3.0 mJ via a variable attenuator comprising a rotatable half-wave plate followed by a thin film polarizing beam splitter (PBS).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cluster size dependence of high-order harmonic generation

Yin¹,

Hagmeijer

Bastiaens³

et al. 2017

New J. Phys.

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We investigate high-order harmonic generation (HHG) from noble gas clusters in a supersonic gas jet. To identify the contribution of harmonic generation from clusters versus that from gas monomers, we measure the high-order harmonic output over a broad range of the total atomic number density in the jet (from 3×10 16 to 3×10 18cm 3 ) at two different reservoir temperatures (303 and 363 K). For the first time in the evaluation of the harmonic yield in such measurements, the variation of the liquid mass fraction, g, versus pressure and temperature is taken into consideration, which we determine, reliably and consistently, to be below 20% within our range of experimental parameters. By comparing the measured harmonic yield from a thin jet with the calculated corresponding yield from monomers alone, we find an increased emission of the harmonics when the average cluster size is less than 3000. Using g, under the assumption that the emission from monomers and clusters add up coherently, we calculate the ratio of the average single-atom response of an atom within a cluster to that of a monomer and find an enhancement of around 100 for very small average cluster size (∼200). We do not find any dependence of the cut-off frequency on the composition of the cluster jet. This implies that HHG in clusters is based on electrons that return to their parent ions and not to neighboring ions in the cluster. To fully employ the enhanced average single-atom response found for small average cluster sizes (∼200), the nozzle producing the cluster jet must provide a large liquid mass fraction at these small cluster sizes for increasing the harmonic yield. Moreover, cluster jets may allow for quasi-phase matching, as the higher mass of clusters allows for a higher density contrast in spatially structuring the nonlinear medium.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cluster size dependence of high-order harmonic generation

Yin¹,

Hagmeijer

Bastiaens³

et al. 2017

New J. Phys.

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“…Besides the grating qualification, the HHG source is verified in terms of the cut-off wavelength for further experiments. [41][42][43]…”

Section: High-harmonic-generation Sourcementioning

confidence: 99%

EUV Source Metrology

Bayraktar,

Versolato,

Bijkerk

et al. 2023

Photon Sources for Lithography and Metrology

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13.1 Introduction 13.2 Absolutely Calibrated In-band Energy Measurements 13.2.1 Flying Circus (FC) concept 13.2.2 Extension of the FC concept for imaging 13.2.3 Narrowband and tuneable anomalous transmission filters 13.3 Broadband Spectroscopy with a Transmission Grating Spectrometer 13.3.1 Structure and fabrication of high-resolution transmission gratings 13.3.2 Filters for spectroscopy from the soft-x-ray-to visible-wavelength range 13.3.3 Spectral characteristics of various EUV photon sources 13.3.4 High-harmonic-generation source 13.3.5 Discharge-produced plasma source 13.3.6 CO 2 -laser-produced industrial EUVL sources 13.3.7 Nd:YAG-laser-produced plasma source 13.4 Conclusions and Outlook

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“…However, it is still quite time consuming to routinely run propagation simulations, even in a reduced parameter space in which the most important macroscopic parameters are varied for a given optical waveform. Thus it is desirable to search for the scaling rule of high harmonics generated in a guided geometry [42][43][44]. So far the scaling of macroscopic parameters has been studied for one-color laser pulses in the free geometry only [14,[26][27][28]30].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Macroscopic scaling of high-order harmonics generated by two-color optimized waveforms in a hollow waveguide

2017

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We present the macroscopic scaling of high harmonics generated by two-color laser pulses interacting with Ne gas in a hollow waveguide. We demonstrate that the divergence of harmonics is inversely proportional to the waveguide radius and harmonic yields are proportional to the square of the waveguide radius when the gas pressure and waveguide length are chosen to meet the phase-matching condition. We also show that harmonic yields are inversely proportional to the ionization level of the optimized two-color waveform with proper gas pressure if waveguide radius and length are fixed. These scaling relations would help experimentalists find phase-matching conditions to efficiently generate tabletop high-flux coherent soft x rays for applications.

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Spectral control of high-harmonic generation via drive laser pulse shaping in a wide-diameter capillary

Cited by 9 publications

References 32 publications

Cluster size dependence of high-order harmonic generation

Cluster size dependence of high-order harmonic generation

EUV Source Metrology

Macroscopic scaling of high-order harmonics generated by two-color optimized waveforms in a hollow waveguide

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