Spectral (Bin) Microphysics Coupled with a Mesoscale Model (MM5). Part II: Simulation of a CaPE Rain Event with a Squall Line

Lynn, Barry; Хаин, А.; Dudhia, Jimy; Rosenfeld, Daniel; Pokrovsky, A.; Seifert, Axel

doi:10.1175/mwr-2841.1

Cited by 109 publications

(123 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Based on previous modeling studies [Lynn et al, 2005;Khain et al, 2005;van den Heever et al, 2006van den Heever et al, , 2011Rosenfeld et al, 2008;Storer et al, 2010;Storer and van den Heever, 2013;Fan et al, 2013], we would expect an increase in cloud ice with increased aerosol amounts. However, there is some uncertainty associated with the values of ice water path due to the fact that radar-based retrievals of ice water content are sensitive to the choice of the size and density parameters used [Protat et al, 2009].…”

Section: Shown Inmentioning

confidence: 98%

Observations of aerosol‐induced convective invigoration in the tropical east Atlantic

2014

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Four years of CloudSat data have been analyzed over a region of the east Atlantic Ocean in order to examine the influence of aerosols on deep convection. The satellite data were combined with information about aerosols taken from the Global and Regional Earth-System Monitoring Using Satellite and In Situ Data model. Only those profiles fitting the definition of deep convective clouds were analyzed. Overall, the cloud center of gravity, cloud top, and rain top were all found to increase with increased aerosol loading. These effects were largely independent of the environment, and the differences between the cleanest and most polluted clouds sampled were found to be statistically significant. When examining an even smaller subset of deep convective clouds likely to be part of the convective core, similar trends were seen. These observations suggest that convective invigoration occurs with increased aerosol loading, leading to deeper, stronger storms in polluted environments.

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Section: Shown Inmentioning

confidence: 98%

Observations of aerosol‐induced convective invigoration in the tropical east Atlantic

2014

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“…Cui et al [2006] obtained similar results when studying an isolated cloud in an environment with low wind shear and with relatively dry air in the midtroposphere and upper troposphere. Lynn et al [2005aLynn et al [ , 2005b implemented the SBM into the three-dimensional fifth-generation Pennsylvania State University -National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) Mesoscale Model (MM5) to simulate a squall line that developed over Florida. Their results demonstrated that the use of a continental CCN concentration resulted in an overall delay in the growth of hourly rainfall and formation of a stronger squall line with higher updraft maxima.…”

Section: à3mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most recently, a midweek increase in precipitation over U.S. has been suggested using the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) precipitation measurements and has been attributed to invigoration of rainstorms by air pollution [Bell et al, 2008]. Cloud simulations by Wang [2005], Lynn et al [2005b], Teller and Levin [2006], and Fan et al [2007aFan et al [ , 2007b support the possibility that in a moist, unstable atmosphere pollution aerosols can invigorate convective clouds and produce more precipitation. Khain et al [2005] showed that an increase in aerosol concentrations can both decrease and increase precipitation, depending on environmental conditions such as the relative humidity and dynamical factors, which can foster secondary cloud formation, etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implementation of a two‐moment bulk microphysics scheme to the WRF model to investigate aerosol‐cloud interaction

Li¹,

Wang²,

Zhang³

2008

J. Geophys. Res.

181

186

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[1] A two-moment bulk microphysical scheme has been implemented into the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model to investigate the aerosol-cloud interaction. The microphysical scheme calculates the mass mixing ratios and number concentrations of aerosols and five types of hydrometeors and accounts for various cloud processes including warm and mixed phase microphysics. The representation of the aerosol size distribution is evaluated, showing that the three-moment modal method produces results better in agreement with the sectional approach than the two-moment modal method for variable supersaturation conditions in clouds. The effects of aerosols on cloud processes are investigated using the two-moment bulk microphysical scheme in a convective cumulus cloud event occurring on 24 August 2000 in Houston, Texas. The modeled evolution of the distribution of radar reflectivity in the y-z section, the cell lifetime, and averaged accumulated precipitation with the aerosol concentration under the polluted urban condition are qualitatively consistent with the measurements. Sensitivity simulations are initialized using a set of aerosol profiles with the number concentrations ranging from 200 to 50,000 cm À3 and mass ranging from 1 to 10 mg m À3 at the surface level. The response of precipitation to the increase of aerosol concentrations is nonmonotonic, because of the complicated interaction between cloud microphysics and dynamics. The precipitation increases with aerosol concentrations from clean maritime to continental background conditions, but is considerably reduced and completely suppressed under highly polluted conditions, indicating that the aerosol concentration exhibits distinct effects on the precipitation efficiency under different aerosol conditions. The maximal cloud cover, core updraft, and maximal vertical velocity exhibit similar responses as precipitation. Comparison is made to evaluate the effects of different autoconversion parameterizations and bulk microphysical schemes on cloud properties. Because of its broad application in numerical weather prediction, implementation of the two-moment microphysical scheme to the WRF model will greatly facilitate assessment of aerosol-cloud interaction from individual cumulus to mesoscale convective systems.Citation: Li, G., Y. Wang, and R. , Implementation of a two-moment bulk microphysics scheme to the WRF model to investigate aerosol-cloud interaction,

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“…Additionally, absorption of solar radiation by dust, results in heating of the dust layer and subsequently in modification of the thermodynamic and dynamical structure of the atmosphere, thus leading to suppression or enhancement of precipitation depending on the type of the clouds (Yin and Chen, 2007;Lau et al, 2009;Wilcox et al, 2010). The interplay between cloud dynamics and the composition of the atmosphere may delay the initiation of precipitation or steer a storm towards a different location and precipitation amounts will vary accordingly (Lynn et al, 2005b;van den Heever and Cotton, 2007;Rosenfeld at al., 2007;Zhang et al, 2007;.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An integrated modeling study on the effects of mineral dust and sea salt particles on clouds and precipitation

et al. 2011

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Abstract. This report addresses the effects of pollution on the development of precipitation in clean ("pristine") and polluted ("hazy") environments in the Eastern Mediterranean by using the Integrated Community Limited Area Modeling System (ICLAMS) (an extended version of the Regional Atmospheric Modeling System, RAMS). The use of this model allows one to investigate the interactions of the aerosols with cloud development. The simulations show that the onset of precipitation in hazy clouds is delayed compared to pristine conditions. Adding small concentrations of GCCN to polluted clouds promotes early-stage rain. The addition of GCCN to pristine clouds has no effect on precipitation amounts. Topography was found to be more important for the distribution of precipitation than aerosol properties. Increasing by 15% the concentration of hygroscopic dust particles for a case study over the Eastern Mediterranean resulted in more vigorous convection and more intense updrafts. The clouds that were formed extended about three kilometers higher, delaying the initiation of precipitation by one hour. Prognostic treatment of the aerosol concentrations in the explicit cloud droplet nucleation scheme of the model, improved the model performance for the twenty-four hour accumulated precipitation. The spatial distribution and the amounts of precipitation were found to vary greatly between the different aerosol scenarios. These results indicate the large uncertainty that remains and the need for more accurate description of aerosol feedbacks in atmospheric models and climate change predictions.

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Spectral (Bin) Microphysics Coupled with a Mesoscale Model (MM5). Part II: Simulation of a CaPE Rain Event with a Squall Line

Cited by 109 publications

References 28 publications

Observations of aerosol‐induced convective invigoration in the tropical east Atlantic

Observations of aerosol‐induced convective invigoration in the tropical east Atlantic

Implementation of a two‐moment bulk microphysics scheme to the WRF model to investigate aerosol‐cloud interaction

An integrated modeling study on the effects of mineral dust and sea salt particles on clouds and precipitation

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