Spectra comparison for an optical breathing gas sensor development

Nurulain, S.; Radin, M. R.; Suzalina, K.; Manap, Hadi

doi:10.1063/1.4981857

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…During breathing, the content of oxygen and carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) differs between the inhaled and exhaled air as a result of cellular respiration. The CO 2 percentage fluctuates from typically 0.04% (<300 parts per million, ppm) during inhalation up to 6% (around 60,000 ppm) during exhalation [146]. Therefore, CO 2 variations can be used to estimate fR.…”

Section: Techniques Based On Air Componentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contact-Based Methods for Measuring Respiratory Rate

Massaroni

Nicolò

Presti

et al. 2019

Sensors

308

236

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There is an ever-growing demand for measuring respiratory variables during a variety of applications, including monitoring in clinical and occupational settings, and during sporting activities and exercise. Special attention is devoted to the monitoring of respiratory rate because it is a vital sign, which responds to a variety of stressors. There are different methods for measuring respiratory rate, which can be classed as contact-based or contactless. The present paper provides an overview of the currently available contact-based methods for measuring respiratory rate. For these methods, the sensing element (or part of the instrument containing it) is attached to the subject’s body. Methods based upon the recording of respiratory airflow, sounds, air temperature, air humidity, air components, chest wall movements, and modulation of the cardiac activity are presented. Working principles, metrological characteristics, and applications in the respiratory monitoring field are presented to explore potential development and applicability for each method.

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Section: Techniques Based On Air Componentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contact-Based Methods for Measuring Respiratory Rate

Massaroni

Nicolò

Presti

et al. 2019

Sensors

308

236

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…During the inhaling, the CO 2 percentage is around 0.04% (<300 parts per million, ppm) and during exhalation around 6% (≈60,000 ppm) [32]. In such context, the detection of CO 2 can be used to measure the f b .…”

Section: Co 2 Measurement Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micro-Fabricated RTD Based Sensor for Breathing Analysis and Monitoring

Neji

Ferko

Ghandour

et al. 2021

Sensors

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The design, micro-fabrication, and characterization of a resistance temperature detector (RTD) based micro sensor for minimally invasive breathing analysis and monitoring is presented. Experimental results demonstrate that the change in air temperature while inhaling and exhaling can be transduced into a time varying electrical signal, which is subsequently used to determine the breathing frequency (respiratory rate). The RTD is placed into a Wheatstone bridge to simultaneously reduce the sensor’s output noise and improve overall system accuracy. The proposed design could potentially aid health care providers in the determination of respiratory rates, which is of critical importance during the current COVID-19 pandemic.

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Spectra comparison for an optical breathing gas sensor development

Cited by 2 publications

References 16 publications

Contact-Based Methods for Measuring Respiratory Rate

Contact-Based Methods for Measuring Respiratory Rate

Micro-Fabricated RTD Based Sensor for Breathing Analysis and Monitoring

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