Speckle-Tracking Echocardiography

Mondillo, Sergio; Galderisi, Maurizio; Mele, Donato; Cameli, Matteo; Lomoriello, V. Schiano; Zacà, Valerio; Ballo, Piercarlo; D’Andrea, Antonello; Muraru, Denisa; Losi, Maria Angela; Agricola, Eustachio; D’Errico, Arcangelo; Buralli, Simona; Sciomer, Susanna; Nistri, Stefano; Badano, Luigi P.

doi:10.7863/jum.2011.30.1.71

Cited by 431 publications

(158 citation statements)

References 76 publications

(70 reference statements)

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“…Relative wall thickness (normalized to LVIDd) was calculated as (LV WTd+IVS WTd)/LVIDd×1000. Six segments of the LV and septum were generated from apical 4‐chamber and short‐axis 2‐dimensional views (acquired at the mitral‐valve and apex levels) and averaged to determine global strain, strain rate, and displacement in the longitudinal, radial, and circumferential directions over 3 cardiac cycles using 2‐dimensional speckle tracking 17, 18, 21. Torsion was calculated as the difference between mitral and apical end‐systolic rotation (degrees) and normalized to both LV hypertrophy (wall thickness) and end‐diastolic chamber length as previously described 17, 22…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Saxagliptin and Tadalafil Differentially Alter Cyclic Guanosine Monophosphate (cGMP) Signaling and Left Ventricular Function in Aortic‐Banded Mini‐Swine

Hiemstra

Lee

Chakir

et al. 2016

JAHA

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BackgroundCyclic guanosine monophosphate‐protein kinase G‐phosphodiesterase 5 signaling may be disturbed in heart failure (HF) with preserved ejection fraction, contributing to cardiac remodeling and dysfunction. The purpose of this study was to manipulate cyclic guanosine monophosphate signaling using the dipeptidyl‐peptidase 4 inhibitor saxagliptin and phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor tadalafil. We hypothesized that preservation of cyclic guanosine monophosphate cGMP signaling would attenuate pathological cardiac remodeling and improve left ventricular (LV) function.Methods and ResultsWe assessed LV hypertrophy and function at the organ and cellular level in aortic‐banded pigs. Concentric hypertrophy was equal in all groups, but LV collagen deposition was increased in only HF animals. Prevention of fibrotic remodeling by saxagliptin and tadalafil was correlated with neuropeptide Y plasma levels. Saxagliptin better preserved integrated LV systolic and diastolic function by maintaining normal LV chamber volumes and contractility (end‐systolic pressure‐volume relationship, preload recruitable SW) while preventing changes to early/late diastolic longitudinal strain rate. Function was similar to the HF group in tadalafil‐treated animals including increased LV contractility, reduced chamber volume, and decreased longitudinal, circumferential, and radial mechanics. Saxagliptin and tadalafil prevented a negative cardiomyocyte shortening‐frequency relationship observed in HF animals. Saxagliptin increased phosphodiesterase 5 activity while tadalafil increased cyclic guanosine monophosphate levels; however, neither drug increased downstream PKG activity. Early mitochondrial dysfunction, evident as decreased calcium‐retention capacity and Complex II‐dependent respiratory control, was present in both HF and tadalafil‐treated animals.ConclusionsBoth saxagliptin and tadalafil prevented increased LV collagen deposition in a manner related to the attenuation of increased plasma neuropeptide Y levels. Saxagliptin appears superior for treating heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, considering its comprehensive effects on integrated LV systolic and diastolic function.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Saxagliptin and Tadalafil Differentially Alter Cyclic Guanosine Monophosphate (cGMP) Signaling and Left Ventricular Function in Aortic‐Banded Mini‐Swine

Hiemstra

Lee

Chakir

et al. 2016

JAHA

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“…In addition to using a different modulus inversion formulation, in this study, we are particularly interested in speckle tracking strategies for REMI given sector-shaped ultrasound data. Although ultrasonic speckle tracking with sector shaped data has been investigated [23, 24]), those previous efforts were not for the purpose of reconstructing modulus elastograms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relative Elastic Modulus Imaging Using Sector Ultrasound Data for Abdominal Applications: An Evaluation of Strategies and Feasibility

Peng

Wang

Yang

et al. 2016

IEEE Trans. Ultrason., Ferroelect., Freq. Contr.

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We reconstruct the elastic modulus distribution for one tissue mimicking (TM) phantom and two in vivo biopsy-confirmed liver tumors using curvilinear ultrasound echo data. Spatial distribution of the relative elastic modulus values is determined by solving an inverse problem within a region of interest (ROI). This inverse problem solution requires knowledge of the ultrasonically-measured displacement field in a uniform rectilinear grid to ensure that the resolution on the resultant relative elastic modulus elastogram will be uniform over the entire ROI. Taking advantage of a new speckle tracking algorithm, two different displacement tracking strategies are investigated: (1) sector-shaped ultrasound data were converted to ultrasound data on a rectilinear grid prior to speckle tracking and (2) axial and lateral displacements directly obtained from sector-shaped data were converted to vertical and horizontal displacements on a rectilinear grid after speckle tracking. As compared to strain elastography (SE), TM phantom results show that relative elastic modulus imaging (REMI) using Strategy 2 provided higher contrast-to-noise ratios (>300% and 25% increases as compared to SE and REMI using Strategy 1, respectively). Furthermore, in phantoms, REMI using Strategy 2 more accurately (a 1.3% difference to SWE measurements) estimated the elastic contrast ratio between the target and the background, as compared to both SE (20–25%) and REMI using Strategy 1 (4.1%). It was also observed that relative modulus elastograms were more consistent to anatomical structures visualized on corresponding B-mode images for the two in vivo liver cases. Overall, we conclude that applying REMI is feasible for abdominal organs such as the liver. Strategy 2 offered improved and consistent results for data investigated.

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“…One of these new tools is two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (2D-STE) based strain and strain rate measurements. 2D-STE is based on classic B-mode imaging [8]–[10]. Speckles are groups of pixels that represent the acoustic backscatter of the ultrasonic beam.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Left Ventricular Longitudinal Speckle Tracking Echocardiography in Very Low Birth Weight Infants with and without Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia during the Neonatal Period

et al. 2014

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ObjectivesIn preterm infants, postnatal myocardial adaptation may be complicated by bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). We aimed to describe the development of left ventricular function by serial 2D, Doppler, and speckle tracking echocardiography (2D-STE) in infants with and without BPD during the neonatal period and compare these to anthropometric and conventional hemodynamic parameters.Study DesignProspective echocardiography on day of life (DOL) 1, 7, 14, and 28 in 119 preterm infants <1500 g birth weight of whom 36 developed BPD (need for oxygen supplementation at 36 weeks gestational age). Non-BPD and BPD infants differed significantly in median (IQR) gestational age (25.5(24–26.5) weeks vs. 29(27–30) weeks, p<0.001) and birth weight (661(552–871) g vs. 1100(890–1290) g, p<0.001).ResultsThe intra- and inter-observer variability of the 2D-STE parameters measured did not depend on time of measurement, although there were significant differences in the reproducibility of the parameters. Low intra- and inter-observer variability was seen for longitudinal systolic strain and strain rate mid septum with a median CV (coefficient of variation) of <4.6%. Much higher CVs (>10%) were seen for the apical segment. While anthropometric parameters show rapid development during the first 4 weeks of life, the speckle tracking parameters did not differ statistically significantly during the neonatal period. Infants with and without BPD differed significantly (p<0.001) in the development of anthropometric parameters, conventional hemodynamic parameters except for heart rate, and 2D-STE parameters: global longitudinal systolic strain rate (GLSSR) and longitudinal systolic strain for the mid left wall (LSSR). The largest differences were seen at DOL 1 and 7 in GLSSR (p<0.001) and in LSSR (p<0.01).ConclusionsReproducible 2D-STE measurements are possible in preterm infants <1500 g. Cardiac deformation reveals early (DOL 1 and 7) ventricular changes (GLSSR and LSSR) in very low birth weight infants who develop BPD.

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Speckle-Tracking Echocardiography

Cited by 431 publications

References 76 publications

Saxagliptin and Tadalafil Differentially Alter Cyclic Guanosine Monophosphate (cGMP) Signaling and Left Ventricular Function in Aortic‐Banded Mini‐Swine

Saxagliptin and Tadalafil Differentially Alter Cyclic Guanosine Monophosphate (cGMP) Signaling and Left Ventricular Function in Aortic‐Banded Mini‐Swine

Relative Elastic Modulus Imaging Using Sector Ultrasound Data for Abdominal Applications: An Evaluation of Strategies and Feasibility

Development of Left Ventricular Longitudinal Speckle Tracking Echocardiography in Very Low Birth Weight Infants with and without Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia during the Neonatal Period

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