Specification of railroad signal colors and glasses

Ks, Gibson; Haupt, GW; Hj, Keegan

doi:10.6028/jres.036.001

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Considering the variations of intensity accepted even by the most stringent regulations, the linearization carried out with Equations (1) and with (3) are more than adequate; intensity variations of the order of ±25% with respect to the normal one are generally accepted [3,21,22].…”

Section: Light Signals: Thermal Effectmentioning

confidence: 99%

LED Rail Signals: Full Hardware Realization of Apparatus with Independent Intensity by Temperature Changes

Spagnolo

Leccese

2021

Electronics

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Nowadays, signal lights are made using light-emitting diode arrays (LEDs). These devices are extremely energy efficient and have a very long lifetime. Unfortunately, especially for yellow/amber LEDs, the intensity of the light is closely related to the junction temperature. This makes it difficult to design signal lights to be used in naval, road, railway, and aeronautical sectors, capable of fully respecting national and international regulations. Furthermore, the limitations prescribed by the standards must be respected in a wide range of temperature variations. In other words, in the signaling apparatuses, a system that varies the light intensity emitted according to the operating temperature is useful/necessary. In this paper, we propose a simple and effective solution. In order to adjust the intensity of the light emitted by the LEDs, we use an LED identical to those used to emit light as a temperature sensor. The proposed system was created and tested in the laboratory. As the same device as the ones to be controlled is used as the temperature sensor, the system is very stable and easy to set up.

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Section: Light Signals: Thermal Effectmentioning

confidence: 99%

LED Rail Signals: Full Hardware Realization of Apparatus with Independent Intensity by Temperature Changes

Spagnolo

Leccese

2021

Electronics

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“…absorption cell. Recommendations from the National Bureau of Standards deal with standards for checking the calibration of spectrophotometers (52). The problem of correcting for slit width errors in precision work with monochromators has been considered again (58).…”

Section: Physicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Light Absorption Spectrometry

Mellon¹

1950

Anal. Chem.

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ONE year ago we inaugurated this series of review articles to make widely available the latest developments in the field of analysis. In that first group of articles the authors covered a five-year period. The theoretical or fundamental material was given in 29 articles in the January 1949 issue and the practical applications of new developments in various fields of specialization were reviewed in 11 articles in the February issue.The same general plan has been followed in the preparation of this second review except that only a one-year period, 1949, is covered. The fundamental developments are given in 27 articles on the following pages of this issue, and the practical applications will be written up in 11 articles in the February issue.Because we believe that these reviews contain valuable material for the analyst in his day to day work, a combined reprint of the 1949 articles comprising 260 pages was made up for ready reference. Copies of this reprint are still available at $1.50 per copy from the reprint department, AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY. Reprints of the reviews in the January and February 1950 issues will also be available at a later date. Advance orders at a price of $1.50 will be accepted.Once again we wish to call attention to the generous contributions of time and effort by the authors in making these reviews possible. Our sincere thanks and appreciation go to each and every one of them.

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Applied Optics at Corning Glass Works

Parker

1968

Appl. Opt.

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Corning Glass Works was established at Corning, New York, 100 years ago, and a research laboratory was formally established sixty years ago. For more than the 100 years, however, the company has applied scientific methods in its operations. A historical review is made of the research and development work at Corning that has led to new materials and new uses for materials used in a wide variety of applications of optical sciences.The author is with the Research and Development Laboratories, Corning Glass Works, Corning, New York 14830.

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Specification of railroad signal colors and glasses

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

LED Rail Signals: Full Hardware Realization of Apparatus with Independent Intensity by Temperature Changes

LED Rail Signals: Full Hardware Realization of Apparatus with Independent Intensity by Temperature Changes

Light Absorption Spectrometry

Applied Optics at Corning Glass Works

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