“…In addition, teachers and students may be discouraged to explore the use of advanced labs to enhance learning effectiveness, because they often have to repeat the same scenarios inefficiently in different labs due to lack of an integrated lab package. The unified model in chemistry-inspired languages will enable formal specification of an evolving system and provide a framework for top-down design of the entire system (Banâtre, Fradet & Radenac, 2004;Lin & Yang, 2006a, 2006b. This design strategy will lead to an architecture that enables incorporating lab modules into the lab package in an incremental fashion.…”