Specific Types of Family Support and Adolescent Non-School Physical Activity Levels

Abstract

In a sample of 291 adolescents (mean age 13 yr), seven psychosocial factors, including family support, were examined in relation to accelerometry-derived physical activity (PA) measured after school and during the weekend. Gender-specific stepwise linear regression analyses determined which combinations of factors explained the variance in non-school moderate to vigorous PA and non-school total PA after adjusting for % BF, age, and maturity (p ≤ 0.05). Being praised by a family member and % BF explained 13% of the variance in female non-school MVPA, while being praised and maturity explained 13% of the variance in non-school total PA. Having a family member watch him participate, % BF, and age explained 11.5% of the variance in male non-school MVPA, while having a family member participate with him explained 6.4% of the variance in non-school total PA. Despite adolescents’ growing independence, family support continues to influence PA levels.

Understanding Factors That Influence Fear of Drowning in Children and Adolescents

“…The positive personal factors of "family and friends who swim" and "encouragement to swim" were robustly linked to low fear of drowning. These findings seem logical as early exposure to any pursuit has been shown to support future involvement in that specific activity (Morrissey, Wenthe, Letuchy, Levy, & Janz, 2012). Personal factors that had the highest ORs for fear of drowning were tied to a child's comfort in the water and the parent's fear that their child would drown.…”

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“…For the reason that adult individuals' motor fitness depends on their level of physical activity, which is influenced by a range of environmental factors such as sociocultural, psychological, and biological [70,71], and on the basis of the results above it can assumed that students' monthly budget affects their level of physical activity in a gradient manner, and therefore determines their motor fitness more significantly in comparison to their place of permanent residence. Conclusions • The place of permanent residence does not differentiate significantly the students' height, body mass and their BMI, nor the results obtained in the majority of motor tests except for the forward-backward arm rotation over head holding a bar trial.…”

Nível de atividade física e apoio social dos pais e amigos em escolares da rede pública

“…Esse apoio se caracteriza pela assistência oferecida, ou recursos postos à disposição por diferentes grupos de pessoas, tais como parentes, irmãos, pais e amigos 14 . O apoio social de pais e amigos para a prática de atividade física é realizado de forma particular e distinta 15,16 . O apoio social cedido pelos pais, por exemplo, é voltado para a facilitação ao acesso de equipamentos esportivos, locais de prática esportiva e transporte 15 .…”

“…O apoio social cedido pelos pais, por exemplo, é voltado para a facilitação ao acesso de equipamentos esportivos, locais de prática esportiva e transporte 15 . O apoio social dos amigos, por sua vez, consiste na participação conjunta na prática de atividade física e incentivo à mesma 16,17 . Ambos desempenham influência social sobre a prática de atividade física dos adolescentes,tanto por meio de mode lação do comportamento, quanto do forneci mento de apoio social 18 .…”