Specific testing for smart textiles

Decaens, Justine; Vermeersch, O.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-100453-1.00013-1

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…They are critical to ensure that smart/e-textile manufacturers are able to control the quality of their products in terms of efficiency, safety, and durability. If a standard test method has been developed for the measurement of the linear resistance of conductive tracks for electrically conductive textiles [ 158 ] and the existing ASTM D4496 and AATCC TM76 standard test methods can be used to characterize their surface resistance [ 159 ], nothing exists yet or is in development to provide a standardized way to assess the performance of textile energy harvesting systems.…”

Section: Current Challenges and Perspectives On Promising Avenues Of Further Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy Harvesting Materials and Structures for Smart Textile Applications: Recent Progress and Path Forward

Dolez

2021

Sensors

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A major challenge with current wearable electronics and e-textiles, including sensors, is power supply. As an alternative to batteries, energy can be harvested from various sources using garments or other textile products as a substrate. Four different energy-harvesting mechanisms relevant to smart textiles are described in this review. Photovoltaic energy harvesting technologies relevant to textile applications include the use of high efficiency flexible inorganic films, printable organic films, dye-sensitized solar cells, and photovoltaic fibers and filaments. In terms of piezoelectric systems, this article covers polymers, composites/nanocomposites, and piezoelectric nanogenerators. The latest developments for textile triboelectric energy harvesting comprise films/coatings, fibers/textiles, and triboelectric nanogenerators. Finally, thermoelectric energy harvesting applied to textiles can rely on inorganic and organic thermoelectric modules. The article ends with perspectives on the current challenges and possible strategies for further progress.

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Section: Current Challenges and Perspectives On Promising Avenues Of Further Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy Harvesting Materials and Structures for Smart Textile Applications: Recent Progress and Path Forward

Dolez

2021

Sensors

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“…No standards are available yet for power/energy harvesting and chemical/biological e-textiles, while some related products already exist on the market. This situation has led several researchers and research institutions to develop their own test methods [107]. It must be mentioned that test methods characterizing the electrical function were included in the electrical category while they may also, in a certain extent, apply to other categories of smart/e-textiles.…”

Section: E-waste and Legislationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smart Textiles Testing: A Roadmap to Standardized Test Methods for Safety and Quality-Control

Shuvo¹,

Decaens²,

Lachapelle³

et al. 2021

Textiles for Functional Applications

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Test methods for smart or electronic textiles (e-textiles) are critical to ensure product safety and industrial quality control. This paper starts with a review of three key aspects: (i) commercial e-textile products/technologies, (ii) safety and quality control issues observed or foreseen, and (iii) relevant standards published or in preparation worldwide. A total of twenty-two standards on smart textiles – by CEN TC 248/WG 31, IEC TC 124, ASTM D13.50, and AATCC RA111 technical committees – were identified; they cover five categories of e-textile applications: electrical, thermal, mechanical, optical, and physical environment. Based on the number of e-textile products currently commercially available and issues in terms of safety, efficiency, and durability, there is a critical need for test methods for thermal applications, as well as to a lesser degree, for energy harvesting and chemical and biological applications. The results of this study can be used as a roadmap for the development of new standardized test methods for safety & quality control of smart textiles.

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“…While several reviews related to wearable technologies have been published since the beginning of the 21st century, their foci differed from the aim of the present review (e.g., a broad summary and overview [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18]; applications and/or end-use—for example, tennis [19], medical care [20], electrocardiographic monitoring [21], neurobiological rehabilitation [22], gait recognition [23], a smart textile suit [24], flexible lithium batteries [25], motion sensors [26], and human activity monitoring [27]; properties of functionalizing substances, including electrically-conductive polymers [28,29,30] and carbon-based materials [31,32,33,34]; processes for functionalizing, such as e-broidery [35]; and methods to determine performance properties [36,37,38]). Each of these reviews is written from a perspective other than fabrics.…”

Section: The Review In Context—purpose Scope a Focus On Fabricsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Table 2 gives the standard methods available to determine the electrical properties of fabrics, developed by the European Organization Supporting Standardization for Smart Textiles (SUSTASMART) [38], the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) [182], and the European Committee for Standardization [183]. Throughout the review, findings related to electrical conductivity are reported as they appear in the published work, i.e., measurement units are not converted.…”

Section: Properties Of Fabrics Functionalized For Electrical Condumentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrics and Garments as Sensors: A Research Update

Wilson

Laing

2019

Sensors

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Properties critical to the structure of apparel and apparel fabrics (thermal and moisture transfer, elasticity, and flexural rigidity), those related to performance (durability to abrasion, cleaning, and storage), and environmental effects have not been consistently addressed in the research on fabric sensors designed to interact with the human body. These fabric properties need to be acceptable for functionalized fabrics to be effectively used in apparel. Measures of performance such as electrical conductivity, impedance, and/or capacitance have been quantified. That the apparel/human body system involves continuous transient conditions needs to be taken into account when considering performance. This review highlights gaps concerning fabric-related aspects for functionalized apparel and includes information on increasing the inclusion of such aspects. A multidisciplinary approach including experts in chemistry, electronics, textiles, and standard test methods, and the intended end use is key to widespread development and adoption.

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Specific testing for smart textiles

Cited by 11 publications

References 24 publications

Energy Harvesting Materials and Structures for Smart Textile Applications: Recent Progress and Path Forward

Energy Harvesting Materials and Structures for Smart Textile Applications: Recent Progress and Path Forward

Smart Textiles Testing: A Roadmap to Standardized Test Methods for Safety and Quality-Control

Fabrics and Garments as Sensors: A Research Update

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