Specific interference of metalaxyl with endogenous RNA polymerase activity in isolated nuclei fromPhytophthora megasperma f. sp.medicaginis

Davidse, L.C.; Hofman, A; Velthuis, Grardy C.M.

doi:10.1016/0147-5975(83)90019-1

Cited by 91 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The sensitive response of asexual spores to acylanilides is particularly interesting property of S. graminicola. These chemicals are thought to inhibit a single enzyme system, the α-amanitine RNA polymerase [15]. The inhibition of this receptor site leading to stop of protein synthesis and consequently to discoupling of the life cycle dominates over other metabolic effects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Developmental Stage Resp Onse of Pe Arl Millet Downy Mildew (Sclerospo Ra Graminicola) to Fungicides

et al. 2006

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Inhibitory effect of 21 commercial and 6 experimental fungicides was assessed in model experiments against pearl millet downy mildew disease. Chemicals differed strongly by their anti-mildew activity, however neither the pathogen nor the host plant showed complete tolerance to any of compounds tested. Nevertheless, the plants outgrew depressant effect of compounds observed in germling stage and this activity did not significantly influence the yield. There was a significant correlation between yield performance and disease inhibitory effects assessed either in vitro or in vivo tests. The response of pathogen to investigated compounds varied during ontogeny, where zoosporangium formation was found to be the most sensitive ontogenetic event. When comparing responses of pathogen and host with fungicides by means of principal component analysis, the presence of two independent components has been demonstrated accounting for 86% of the total variation to which responses of host and pathogen contributed differently. The antisporulant activity of compounds evaluated on detached leaf segments and their positive effect on yield significantly correlated allowing to predict the expectable grain yield significantly (p>0.05). Beside acylanilides andoprim, drazoxolon and efosit offered efficacy on the level requested. Metalaxyl and tridemorph as well as andoprim and cymoxanil acted synergistically against S. graminicola.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pearl millet did not tolerated well (EC50 < 10 mM) the thiocarbamate derivatives (15,19,20), thiomersal, tridemorph isomers (24, 25) and fenpropimorph. Cymoxanil and drazoxolon proved to be also surprisingly toxic.…”

Section: Responses Of the Host Plantmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developmental Stage Resp Onse of Pe Arl Millet Downy Mildew (Sclerospo Ra Graminicola) to Fungicides

et al. 2006

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“…Selective fungicides, e.g. metalaxyl, benomyl, are either known or suspected to act on vital synthetic processes (Davidse et al, 1983;Davidse, 1986). In both of these examples resistant strains have soon become noted, indicating that a small change in the amino acid sequence (i.e.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensitivities of various Oomycetes to hymexazol and metalaxyl

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et al. 1990

Journal of General Microbiology

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The effect of hymexazol on the linear extension of hyphae of a range of Oomycetes was examined. Twenty-five species were compared using four fungicide concentrations. Cluster analysis was used to look for similarities between species. The response of each taxon to the different concentrations of hymexazol was modelled. The parameters of these curves were then subjected to multivariate analysis. Both analyses revealed close relationships between the sensitivity to the fungicide and the current classification of the Oomycetes. Comparisons were made with the effect of metalaxyl on the same isolates.

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“…Because widely used site-specific fungicides, such as mefenoxam (the active isomer in metalaxyl), inhibit sporulation and mycelial growth inside host tissues by specifically inhibiting RNA polymearase-1, a mutation that changes the affinity of target sites could easily lead to fungicide resistance (Davidse et al 1983). Significant variations for mefenoxam sensitivity were identified among P. infestans isolates from the different genotypes (Hu et al 2012;Danies et al 2013;Fry et al 2013;Kalischuk et al 2012).…”

Section: Evolution Of Late Blight Populations In United States and Camentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution and Management of the Irish Potato Famine Pathogen Phytophthora Infestans in Canada and the United States

et al. 2014

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Late blight, caused by Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary, is the most historically significant and economically destructive disease of potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.). In addition to potato, P. infestans can also infect tomato and some other members of the Solanaceae, and this has contributed to the recent late blight epidemic in Canada and the United States. Propagation of P. infestans in Canada and the United States has been mainly through asexual reproduction and this has led to the development of several dominant clonal lineages. Various P. infestans markers have been developed that are invaluable in monitoring the evolution and movement of these P. infestans genotypes. Population diversity and disease incidence has increased through the development of systemic fungicide insensitivity and the transcontinental shipment of the pathogen on late blight infected potato tubers and tomato plantlets. Introduction of the P. infestans A2 mating type to several regions of Canada and the United States has also increased the opportunity for sexual reproduction and recombination, potentially contributing to greater P. infestans genetic diversity and pathogenicity. Advances in P. infestans molecular analysis have revealed a complex pathogen with a genome capable of evolving relatively quickly. Management of late blight will therefore require new, multifaceted strategies which include monitoring pathogen evolution and implementing sustainable production practices.Resumen El tizón tardío, causado por Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary, es la enfermedad históricamente más significativa y económicamente destructiva de papa (Solanum tuberosum L.). Además de la papa, P. infestans también puede infectar tomate y a otros miembros de la familia Solanaceae, y esto ha contribuido a la reciente epidemia de tizón tardío en Canadá y los Estados Unidos. La propagación de P.infestans en estos dos países ha sido principalmente mediante reproducción asexual, lo que ha conducido al desarrollo de varias líneas clonales dominantes. Se han desarrollado varios marcadores para P. infestans que son invaluables en el seguimiento de la evolución y movimiento de estos genotipos de P. infestans. La diversidad de la población y la incidencia de la enfermedad han aumentado por vía del desarrollo de la insensibilidad a fungicidas sistémicos y del envío transcontinental del patógeno en tubérculos de papa infectados con tizón tardío y en plántulas de tomate. La introducción del tipo de compatibilidad A2 de P. infestans a varias regiones de Canadá y Estados Unidos también ha incrementado la oportunidad de reproducción sexual y recombinación, contribuyendo, potencialmente, a una mayor diversidad genética y patogenicidad de P. infestans. Avances en los análisis moleculares de P. infestans han revelado a un patógeno complejo con un genomio capaz de evolucionar relativamente rápido. El manejo del tizón tardío, entonces, requerirá de nuevas estrategias multifacéticas que incluyan monitoreo de la evolución del patógeno y la implementación de prá...

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Specific interference of metalaxyl with endogenous RNA polymerase activity in isolated nuclei fromPhytophthora megasperma f. sp.medicaginis

Cited by 91 publications

References 23 publications

Developmental Stage Resp Onse of Pe Arl Millet Downy Mildew (Sclerospo Ra Graminicola) to Fungicides

Developmental Stage Resp Onse of Pe Arl Millet Downy Mildew (Sclerospo Ra Graminicola) to Fungicides

Sensitivities of various Oomycetes to hymexazol and metalaxyl

Evolution and Management of the Irish Potato Famine Pathogen Phytophthora Infestans in Canada and the United States

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