Specific IgA antibody response in Ross River virus infection

Carter, I. W. J.; Fraser, J. R. E.; Cloonan, M. J.

doi:10.1038/icb.1987.60

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…38,[119][120][121][122][123] The most prominent changes linked to aging are the deterioration of different components of adaptive immunity. [124][125][126][127] As adaptive immunity and antibody responses are important in the resolution of alphavirus infection, 95,[128][129][130] the deterioration of adaptive immunity in the elderly would potentially lead to more severe pathology and chronic complications. Indeed, when a cohort study was performed on CHIKV-infected patients from the 2006-2007 R eunion Island outbreak, 78% of the patients with chronic arthralgia were elderly (> 60 years old).…”

Section: Changes In Adaptive Immunity With Agementioning

confidence: 99%

Age has a role in driving host immunopathological response to alphavirus infection

Chan

2017

Immunology

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SummaryAlphaviruses are a group of arthropod-borne pathogens capable of causing a wide spectrum of clinical symptoms, ranging from milder symptoms like rashes, fever and polyarthralgia, to life-threatening encephalitis. This genus of viruses is prevalent globally, and can infect patients across a wide age range. Interestingly, disease severity of virus-infected patients is wideranging. Definitions of the pathogenesis of alphaviruses, as well as the host factors influencing disease severity, remain limited. The innate and adaptive immune systems are important host defences against alphavirus infections. Several reports have highlighted the roles of specific immune subsets in contributing to the immune pathogenesis of these viruses. However, immunosenescence, a gradual deterioration of the immune system brought about by the natural advancement of age, affects the functional roles of these immune subsets. This phenomenon compromises the host's ability to defend against alphavirus infection and pathogenesis. In addition, the lack of maturity in the immune system in newborns and infants also results in more severe disease outcomes. In this review, we will summarize the subtle yet diverse physiological changes in the immune system during aging, and how these changes underlie the differences in disease severity for common alphaviruses.

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Section: Changes In Adaptive Immunity With Agementioning

confidence: 99%

Age has a role in driving host immunopathological response to alphavirus infection

Chan

2017

Immunology

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“…Our results showed that both IgA and IgG anti-SARS-CoV-2 were already present in the first collected serum sample, 20 days after the onset of the symptoms. As with other viral infections (37,38), the detection of serum IgA antibodies was limited in time, while the presence of IgG antibodies could be identified in the serum for long periods and present during the entire period of the study. Additionally, from the beginning of the sera collection, we identified the presence of total neutralizing antibodies (which can be of all immunoglobulin classes), with fluctuations during sampling.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Atypical Prolonged Viral Shedding With Intra-Host SARS-CoV-2 Evolution in a Mildly Affected Symptomatic Patient

Cunha¹,

Vilela²,

Molina³

et al. 2021

Front. Med.

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The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is caused by a respiratory virus with a wide range of manifestations, varying from asymptomatic to fatal cases, with a generally short outcome. However, some individuals present long-term viral shedding. We monitored 38 individuals who were mildly affected by the SARS-CoV-2 infection. Out of the total studied population, three (7.9%) showed atypical events regarding the duration of positivity for viral RNA detection. In one of these atypical cases, a previously HIV-positive male patient presented a SARS-CoV-2 RNA shedding and subgenomic RNA (sgRNA) detected from the upper respiratory tract, respectively, for 232 and 224 days after the onset of the symptoms. The SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.28 lineage, one of the most prevalent in Brazil in 2020, was identified in this patient in three serial samples. Interestingly, the genomic analyses performed throughout the infectious process showed an increase in the genetic diversity of the B.1.1.28 lineage within the host itself, with viral clearance occurring naturally, without any intervention measures to control the infection. Contrasting widely spread current knowledge, our results indicate that potentially infectious SARS-CoV-2 virus might be shed by much longer periods by some infected patients. This data call attention to better adapted non-pharmacological measures and clinical discharge of patients aiming at preventing the spread of SARS-CoV-2 to the population.

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“…BFV diagnosis is confirmed by a virus-specific-IgM response (Cashman et al, 2008 (Carter et al, 1987). Viral culture and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) are less widely used diagnostic tools.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ross River Virus Is a Mosquito-Transmitted Alphavirus: Is It Threatened to Arab Countries Including Egypt?

Aly

Shoukry

Morsy

2019

Journal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology

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Ross River virus (RRV) is mosquito-borne arboviral infection that causes fever, polyarthritis, and rash. First described in northern Australia and then, widely throughout Australia and many western South Pacific islands. It is common in the tropical coastal regions of northern Australia. RRV can be transmitted by, Aedes aegypti, Ae. camptorhynchus, Ae. vigilax, and Culex annulirostris. Kangaroos, wallabies and horses are principal vertebrate hosts. Symptoms frequently occur together but may occur in single. Arthritis in wrists, knees, ankles, and finger joints is common and frequently symmetric. Rash is usually maculopapular involving limbs and trunk. Arthralgia may persist for up to 3 months. Fatigue is the commonest symptom. Diagnosis is by hemagglutination inhibition (HI) antibody and ELISA. A fourfold rise in HI titer is diagnostic; ≥1:1280 levels is recent infection. RRV-specific IgM persists for months after acute infection.Treatment is supportive care, analgesics, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Feasible preventive measure is avoidance of mosquito bites. Helpful interventions include use of window and door screens, mosquito repellants, and light colored clothing. Over the long-term, drainage of mosquito breeding areas in endemic areas may be helpful to control infection.

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Specific IgA antibody response in Ross River virus infection

Cited by 8 publications

References 8 publications

Age has a role in driving host immunopathological response to alphavirus infection

Age has a role in driving host immunopathological response to alphavirus infection

Atypical Prolonged Viral Shedding With Intra-Host SARS-CoV-2 Evolution in a Mildly Affected Symptomatic Patient

Ross River Virus Is a Mosquito-Transmitted Alphavirus: Is It Threatened to Arab Countries Including Egypt?

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