Specific heat of liquid helium in zero gravity very near the lambda point

Lipa, J. A.; Nissen, J. A.; Stricker, D. A.; Swanson, D. R.; Chui, Talso

doi:10.1103/physrevb.68.174518

Cited by 185 publications

(335 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…We also find an estimate of higher charged operators that are summarized in table I. We point out that there is an 8-sigma discrepancy between the most precise MC simulation of ν [28] and the most precise measurement of specific heat in the λ transition of liquid helium in zero gravity [39]. The non-compact CP N −1 model has the effective field theory description by a U (1) gauge theory coupled with N charged scalars with SU (N ) flavor symmetry:…”

Section: Appendix B: Summary Of Scaling Dimensions In the Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Necessary Condition for Emergent Symmetry from the Conformal Bootstrap

Nakayama

Ohtsuki

2016

Phys. Rev. Lett.

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We use the conformal bootstrap program to derive necessary conditions for emergent symmetry enhancement from discrete symmetry (e.g. Zn) to continuous symmetry (e.g. U (1)) under the renormalization group flow. In three dimensions, in order for Z2 symmetry to be enhanced to U (1) symmetry, the conformal bootstrap program predicts that the scaling dimension of the order parameter field at the infrared conformal fixed point must satisfy ∆1 > 1.08. We also obtain the similar conditions for Z3 symmetry with ∆1 > 0.580 and Z4 symmetry with ∆1 > 0.504 from the simultaneous conformal bootstrap analysis of multiple four-point functions. Our necessary conditions impose severe constraints on many controversial physics such as the chiral phase transition in QCD, the deconfinement criticality in Néel-VBS transitions and anisotropic deformations in critical O(n) models. In some cases, we find that the conformal bootstrap program dashes hopes of emergent symmetry enhancement proposed in the literature.

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Section: Appendix B: Summary Of Scaling Dimensions In the Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Necessary Condition for Emergent Symmetry from the Conformal Bootstrap

Nakayama

Ohtsuki

2016

Phys. Rev. Lett.

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“…2.4.2 and the expected amount of helium in the bubble chamber from sec. 3.5, we used the height of the cell as a fitting parameter to match our heat capacity results with a gravity rounded version of the results from the Lambda Point Experiment (LPE) [22]. This gives us the second of three independent measurements of the the number of moles in our sample n = 0.389 ± 0.001 mol.…”

Section: Static Heat Capacitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to compare the SOC heat capacity measurement to the zero-gravity LPE heat capacity results [22], we need to fix an absolute temperature scale (i.e., we need to find T λ ). Previous experiments [1,3] have found that for Q > 500 nW/cm 2 , T SOC has had the following functional form…”

Section: T Soc Vs Q and Finding T λmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experiments on the Self-Organized Critical State of 4He

Chatto

Lee

Duncan³

et al. 2007

J Low Temp Phys

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AcknowledgementsThere are a number of people I would like to thank for their contributions to this thesis. My advisor David Goodstein was insightful, encouraging, and patient throughout the many challenges of performing a low-temperature experiment. Our conversations were always helpful because David has an extraordinary ability to make complicated concepts seem simple and intuitive. I had two mentors in the lab, Peter Day and Richard Lee, who taught me everything I know about performing experiments in low-temperature physics. My first lab experience was working with Peter. He provided me with the cryostat I used throughout my graduate career, answered hundreds of questions, and patiently showed me the techniques I needed. Richard returned to Caltech as my thesis experiment was taking shape. He was also an excellent resource for the tricks and techniques of low-temperature physics. (Plus, he made B.O.B.2, the electrical filtering system on this cryostat). However, what helped me most was that he patiently asked hundreds of questions, which forced me to think through all the details of my experiment. It is with his help that I avoided many pitfalls.There are a number of other physicists who made significant contributions to this work. Particularly helpful were the members of the DYNAMX team from the University of New Mexico (Rob Duncan, Dimitri Sergatskov, Alex Babkin, and Steve Boyd). They provided material help with the cryo-valve system and the construction of the experimental cell. In addition, they provided a lot of expertise on performing experiments on the SOC state of 4 He. In particular, I would like to thank Rob Duncan, who served as a secondary thesis advisor during a critical time in the experiment as David Goodstein recovered from an injury. Also helpful were discussions with two theorists, Peter Weichman and Rudolf Haussmann, who helped give meaning to my results.I would like to thank my parents for many many years of encouragement and support, and not asking me too often when I was going to get my degree.I would also like to thank my wife Avital, who provided an enormous amount of support and, through an intricate dance of prodding and patience, helped guide me through this endeavor. Lastly, I thank my son Jacob, whose arrival helped destroy the illusion that maybe, just maybe, I could be a graduate student forever. We report the first results of the heat capacity of the SOC state, C ∇T , for heat fluxes 60nW/cm 2 < Q < 13 µW/cm 2 and corresponding temperatures 9 nK > T SOC − T λ > −1.1 µK. We find that C ∇T tracks the static (i.e., zero heat flux) unrounded (i.e., in zero gravity) heat capacity C 0 with two exceptions. The first is that within 250 nK of T λ , C ∇T is depressed relative to C 0 and the maximum in C ∇T is shifted to 50 nK below T λ . The second difference is that at high heat flux, C ∇T is again depressed relative to C 0 with the departure starting at about 650 nK below T λ .We present the most extensive measurements of the speed and attenuation of the SOC wave to date. We report wav...

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“…It allows the conversion of divergent weak-coupling into convergent strong-coupling expansions and has been applied successfully in various fields, such as quantum mechanics, quantum statistics, condensed matter physics, and critical phenomena. In fact, the most accurate critical exponents come from this theory [6], as has been verified by recent satellite experiments [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Large-D expansion from variational perturbation theory

Brandt

Pelster

2005

Journal of Mathematical Physics

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We derive recursively the perturbation series for the ground-state energy of the D-dimensional anharmonic oscillator and resum it using variational perturbation theory (VPT). From the exponentially fast converging approximants, we extract the coefficients of the large-D expansion to higher orders. The calculation effort is much smaller than in the standard field-theoretic approach based on the Hubbard-Stratonovich transformation.

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Specific heat of liquid helium in zero gravity very near the lambda point

Cited by 185 publications

References 55 publications

Necessary Condition for Emergent Symmetry from the Conformal Bootstrap

Necessary Condition for Emergent Symmetry from the Conformal Bootstrap

Experiments on the Self-Organized Critical State of 4He

Large-D expansion from variational perturbation theory

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