Specific heat capacity and thermal diffusivity and their temperature dependencies in a rock sample from adjacent to the Taiwan Chelungpu fault

Hirono, Tetsuro; Hamada, Yohei

doi:10.1029/2009jb006816

Cited by 24 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…For T < 573°C, κ = 2.27 × 10 −4 T −1 + 1.78 × 10 −7 m 2 s −1 (where T is in Kelvin); and for T ≥ 573°C, κ = 4.73 × 10 −7 m 2 s −1 . The C p value of Chinshui shale, which is the host rock of the Chelungpu fault, has been determined to be approximately 1300 J kg −1 K −1 [ Hirono and Hamada , ]. In the Chi‐Chi earthquake PSZ, w = 5 mm [ Chou et al ., ], ρ = 2200 kg m −3 [ Hirono et al ., ], the rise time was 6 s, and the total slip distance was 8.3 m [ Ma et al ., ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the records of earthquake slip in carbonaceous materials from the Taiwan Chelungpu fault by means of infrared and Raman spectroscopies

Hirono

Maekawa

Yabuta

2015

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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To understand the mechanism of fault lubrication during the 1999 Taiwan Chi-Chi earthquake, we developed a new temperature proxy for carbonaceous materials by using infrared and Raman spectroscopies together with heating and friction experiments. We found marked anomalies in the infrared and Raman spectra of carbonaceous materials retrieved from the primary slip zone of the earthquake: the infrared spectra exhibited very weak aliphatic CH 2 and CH 3 peaks and aromatic C5C absorbance peaks, and the Raman spectra exhibited very weak disordered and graphitic bands and a high ratio of disordered band area to graphitic band area. Those weak peaks and bands and the band area ratio were reproduced by heating carbonaceous materials from the nearby host rock to 7008C. These results suggest that the frictional heat in the slip zone reached approximately 7008C. We characterized the host rock's carbonaceous materials by means of elemental analysis, pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and simultaneous thermogravimetry-differential scanning calorimetry and found that the H/C and O/C ratios were 1.29 and 0.30, respectively (which are close to the ratios for lignin) and that the volatile fraction was as high as 48 wt %. The pyrolysates obtained by heating from 100 to 4008C were dominated by phenols, fatty alcohols, and n-alkanes. When the residue from pyrolysis at 100-4008C was rapidly heated to 7008C, the resulting pyrolysate was dominated by phenols, aromatic compounds, heterocyclic compounds, and n-alkenes. This information suggests that change in the infrared and Raman spectra with increasing temperature may have been due to decomposition and aromatization reactions during pyrolysis. Rapid heating during earthquake slip may promote reactions of carbonaceous materials that are different from the reactions that occur during long-term geological metamorphism.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the records of earthquake slip in carbonaceous materials from the Taiwan Chelungpu fault by means of infrared and Raman spectroscopies

Hirono

Maekawa

Yabuta

2015

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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“…The thermal diffusivity was 3.71 × 10 −7 m 2 s −1 (at 100°C), measured by the laser flash technique (LFA 457 MicroFlash, Netzsch). These specific heat capacity and thermal diffusivity values exhibit temperature dependency [e.g., Hirono and Hamada , 2010], but we here ignore that dependency for simplicity.…”

Section: Numerical Analysis For Determination Of Probable Slip Paramementioning

confidence: 99%

Coseismic frictional heating and fluid-rock interaction in a slip zone within a shallow accretionary prism and implications for earthquake slip behavior

2011

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[1] To understand the relation between seismic events and the geological structure in a shallow accretionary prism, we investigated a major reverse fault in a fossil accretionary prism, the Emi Group (burial depth, 1-4 km), Boso Peninsula, Japan. We examined the slip zone rocks and the surrounding host rocks microscopically and analyzed their trace elements and isotopes. Using the fluid-mobile trace element spectrum, which is sensitive to fluid-rock interaction at high temperatures, we estimated that the slip zone experienced frictional heating of >350°C caused by high-velocity sliding. By numerical analysis of the frictional heating and thermal diffusion using various values for slip displacement, the frictional coefficient, depth, and fault dip, we determined the conditions sufficient for producing the estimated high-temperature frictional heating at shallow depth (1-2 km). The results suggest that such faulting in a shallow accretionary prism could potentially generate huge tsunamis.Citation: Hamada, Y., T. Hirono, and T. Ishikawa (2011), Coseismic frictional heating and fluid-rock interaction in a slip zone within a shallow accretionary prism and implications for earthquake slip behavior,

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“…Hydraulically isolated faults (i.e., undrained) are thought to be representative of many natural fault zones worldwide that host major earthquakes [e.g., Sibson, 1992;Kitajima and Saffer, 2012;Hirono and Hamada, 2010;Hasegawa et al, 2011]. Field and seismological observations also suggest that anomalous (i.e., near lithostatic) pore fluid pressures are present at the base of the seismogenic zone [e.g., Sibson, 1992;Audet et al, 2009].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Poromechanics of stick‐slip frictional sliding and strength recovery on tectonic faults

et al. 2015

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Pore fluids influence many aspects of tectonic faulting including frictional strength aseismic creep and effective stress during the seismic cycle. However, the role of pore fluid pressure during earthquake nucleation and dynamic rupture remains poorly understood. Here we report on the evolution of pore fluid pressure and porosity during laboratory stick‐slip events as an analog for the seismic cycle. We sheared layers of simulated fault gouge consisting of glass beads in a double‐direct shear configuration under true triaxial stresses using drained and undrained fluid conditions and effective normal stress of 5–10 MPa. Shear stress was applied via a constant displacement rate, which we varied in velocity step tests from 0.1 to 30 µm/s. We observe net pore pressure increases, or compaction, during dynamic failure and pore pressure decreases, or dilation, during the interseismic period, depending on fluid boundary conditions. In some cases, a brief period of dilation is attendant with the onset of dynamic stick slip. Our data show that time‐dependent strengthening and dynamic stress drop increase with effective normal stress and vary with fluid conditions. For undrained conditions, dilation and preseismic slip are directly related to pore fluid depressurization; they increase with effective normal stress and recurrence time. Microstructural observations confirm the role of water‐activated contact growth and shear‐driven elastoplastic processes at grain junctions. Our results indicate that physicochemical processes acting at grain junctions together with fluid pressure changes dictate stick‐slip stress drop and interseismic creep rates and thus play a key role in earthquake nucleation and rupture propagation.

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Specific heat capacity and thermal diffusivity and their temperature dependencies in a rock sample from adjacent to the Taiwan Chelungpu fault

Cited by 24 publications

References 54 publications

Investigation of the records of earthquake slip in carbonaceous materials from the Taiwan Chelungpu fault by means of infrared and Raman spectroscopies

Investigation of the records of earthquake slip in carbonaceous materials from the Taiwan Chelungpu fault by means of infrared and Raman spectroscopies

Coseismic frictional heating and fluid-rock interaction in a slip zone within a shallow accretionary prism and implications for earthquake slip behavior

Poromechanics of stick‐slip frictional sliding and strength recovery on tectonic faults

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