Specific Gravity and Osmolality of Human Parotid Fluid

Shannon, Ira L.

doi:10.1159/000259578

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Second, we calculated saliva flow rates based on mass rather than measuring the actual volume. Because the reported specific gravity of saliva in healthy young humans is approximately 1.003, the saliva flow rate and the salivary SIgA secretion rate would have been only slightly overestimated [31,32]. However, the body masses of our subjects did not decrease during the camps compared with their baseline values.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Chlorella intake attenuates reduced salivary SIgA secretion in kendotraining camp participants

Otsuki

Shimizu

Iemitsu

et al. 2012

Nutr J

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BackgroundThe green alga Chlorella contains high levels of proteins, vitamins, and minerals. We previously reported that a chlorella-derived multicomponent supplement increased the secretion rate of salivary secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA) in humans. Here, we investigated whether intake of this chlorella-derived supplement attenuated the reduced salivary SIgA secretion rate during a kendo training camp.MethodsTen female kendo athletes participated in inter-university 6-day spring and 4-day summer camps. They were randomized into two groups; one took placebo tablets during the spring camp and chlorella tablets during the summer camp, while the other took chlorella tablets during the spring camp and placebo tablets during the summer camp. Subjects took these tablets starting 4 weeks before the camp until post-camp saliva sampling. Salivary SIgA concentrations were measured by ELISA.ResultsAll subjects participated in nearly all training programs, and body-mass changes and subjective physical well-being scores during the camps were comparable between the groups. However, salivary SIgA secretion rate changes were different between these groups. Salivary SIgA secretion rates decreased during the camp in the placebo group (before vs. second, middle, and final day of camp, and after the camp: 146 ± 89 vs. 87 ± 56, 70 ± 45, 94 ± 58, and 116 ± 71 μg/min), whereas no such decreases were observed in the chlorella group (121 ± 53 vs. 113 ± 68, 98 ± 69,115 ± 80, and 128 ± 59 μg/min).ConclusionOur results suggest that a use of a chlorella-derived dietary supplement attenuates reduced salivary SIgA secretion during a training camp for a competitive sport.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Chlorella intake attenuates reduced salivary SIgA secretion in kendotraining camp participants

Otsuki

Shimizu

Iemitsu

et al. 2012

Nutr J

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“…So, we introduced the salivary secretion rate as represented by the weight per minute (g min −1 ) as the parameter. Shannon (11) reported the specific gravity of saliva to be 1·003. Therefore, the salivary secretion rate represented by g min −1 is concluded to be the same as the salivary secretion rate represented by mL min −1 , and the comparison makes it possible to relate the salivary secretion rate with other published work.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship between salivary secretion rate and masticatory efficiency

Ishijima

Koshino

Hirai

et al. 2004

J of Oral Rehabilitation

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In order to elucidate the relationship between the salivary secretion rate and masticatory efficiency, experimental hypo-and hyper-salivation were produced by the administration of atropine sulphate presenting an anticholinergic effect and pilocarpine hydrochloride having a muscarine effect orally in 10 healthy fully dentates. To confirm the pharmaceutical effect of these drugs, the unstimulated whole salivary secretion rate during 10 min, and masticatory efficiency using the sieve method were measured before and after medication. The unstimulated whole salivary secretion rate during 10 min decreased significantly by the administration of atropine sulphate (P < 0AE05), and increased significantly by pilocarpine hydrochloride (P < 0AE01). The masticatory efficiency after atropine sulphate medication was significantly lower than that before (P < 0AE01). The increase in salivary secretion by pilocarpine hydrochloride did not lead to a higher masticatory efficiency. The evidence supports the understanding that saliva plays an important role in masticatory function.

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“…The saliva that accumulated in the mouth was collected in a disposable cup, and the saliva accumulated over 5 min was measured to the 0.1 g using a small electric scale (Pocket Scale® CS-240, COSTOM, Tokyo, Japan). Considering that the specific gravity of saliva is 1.003 [ 10 ], the amount of saliva secreted per minute was calculated on the basis of the amount of resting saliva collected over 5 min to obtain the resting saliva flow rate (mL/min).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of denture surface roughness and host factors on dental calculi formation on dentures: a cross-sectional study

et al. 2018

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BackgroundDental calculi formation on dentures can worsen the oral cavity environment by complicating oral hygiene. However, few studies have investigated the effect of how patients use and manage their dentures, denture surface roughness, and host factors such as oral cavity dryness and saliva properties on denture cleanliness and denture dental calculi formation. Accordingly, we conducted the present survey to evaluate these factors to clarify the strength of the influence of each factor.MethodsWe enrolled 53 patients who had used dentures for at least 3 months and used a dental prosthesis that covered at least the six front teeth including the left and right mandibular canines. After staining the dentures, we divided the participants into a group that was positive for dental calculi (DCP group) and a group that was negative for dental calculi (DCN group). After removing all the stains, we evaluated the surface roughness of the dentures. A questionnaire was used to survey how the participants used and managed their dentures. Oral cavity dryness was evaluated, and resting saliva samples were collected to assess saliva properties. Correlations between the presence or absence of dental calculi and denture use and management were evaluated using a chi-square test. Correlations with denture surface roughness, oral cavity dryness, and saliva properties were evaluated using the Mann–Whitney U test. Correlations between the presence or absence of dental calculi and all factors were analyzed using multivariate analysis (quantification II).ResultsSurface roughness was significantly greater in the DCP group (p < 0.01), and the DCP group members wore their dentures during sleep significantly more often and used a denture cleaner when storing their dentures significantly less often (both p < 0.01). No significant differences were observed for oral cavity dryness or saliva properties. The multivariate analysis showed significant correlations of dental calculi formation with denture surface roughness and items related to denture use and management, but not for oral cavity dryness or saliva properties.ConclusionsOur findings indicate that dental calculi formation is influenced by how dentures are used and managed and by denture surface roughness, but not by oral cavity dryness and saliva properties.

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Specific Gravity and Osmolality of Human Parotid Fluid

Cited by 5 publications

References 12 publications

Chlorella intake attenuates reduced salivary SIgA secretion in kendotraining camp participants

Chlorella intake attenuates reduced salivary SIgA secretion in kendotraining camp participants

The relationship between salivary secretion rate and masticatory efficiency

Influence of denture surface roughness and host factors on dental calculi formation on dentures: a cross-sectional study

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