Specific fetometric formulas of<scp>ICC</scp>and<scp>BP</scp>for calculating the parturition date in the miniature breeds of canine

Socha, Piotr; Janowski, Tomasz

doi:10.1111/rda.13143

Cited by 8 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The author suggests that formulas used for small and medium-sized breeds, such as those described by Luvoni and Grioni (2000) might be used in female dogs of miniature breeds. The regression formula (y = 1.6190 × BPD -39.70) presented in the study (Socha and Janowski, 2018) differs from the formula presented in this research and features a large variation of the values found for the Chihuahua, which highlights the need to study this breed individually and to standardize an adequate calculation.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 64%

“… Socha and Janowski (2018) found a correlation of 0.94 ( P< 0.05) of the BPD with the DBP in miniature dog breeds. The author suggests that formulas used for small and medium-sized breeds, such as those described by Luvoni and Grioni (2000) might be used in female dogs of miniature breeds.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…It was considered a reliable measurement and easy to obtain (Luvoni and Grioni, 2000;Melo et al, 2006;Jabin et al, 2007;Silva et al, 2007;Cecchetto et al, 2017). Socha and Janowski (2018) found a correlation of 0.94 (P<0.05) of the BPD with the DBP in miniature dog breeds. The author suggests that formulas used for small and medium-sized breeds, such as those described by Luvoni and Grioni (2000) might be used in female dogs of miniature breeds.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The predisposition of the Chihuahua breed to have a dystocia justifies the need to monitor the gestational age of these females and to estimate the probable date of delivery, to prepare both the guardian and the veterinary team for the possibility of a cesarean section or assisted delivery. By knowing the date of delivery, it is possible to be attentive to any abnormal behavior, to take measures to anticipate problems that may cause fetal death or put the life of the dam at risk, or to decide to perform an elective cesarean section (Socha and Janowski, 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Estimated date of delivery in Chihuahua breed bitches, based on embryo-fetal biometry, assessed by ultrasonography

et al. 2020

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Due to the peculiarities of the reproductive cycle of the female dog, which makes it difficult to accurately ascertain the date of conception, it may be challenging to precisely estimate the gestational age in bitches. Using fetal measurements obtained by ultrasound, it is possible to estimate the gestational age in dogs; however, due to the differences in size of the various breeds, such estimates may have a significant standard deviation, which represents less accuracy when specifying the date of birth. The purpose of this study was to evaluate pregnant female Chihuahuas, establishing relations between the fetal dimensions measured by ultrasound and the remaining time until delivery. Using 13 pregnant female Chihuahuas, weekly ultrasound assessments and measurements were performed, of the inner chorionic cavity, cranial-caudal length, biparietal diameter, abdominal diameter and thoracic diameter. Such parameters were retroactively correlated to the date of delivery, and linear regressions were established between the gestational measurements and remaining days until delivery. The fetal measurement presenting the highest correlation (r = 0.99; P<0.0001) and reliability (R 2 = 0.98, P<0.0001) with the probable date of delivery was the biparietal diameter, a measurement that can be easily and safely obtained and, when applying a specific formula (Y =-15.46X1 + 38.72), can accurately predict the date of delivery in Chihuahua female dogs.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 64%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Estimated date of delivery in Chihuahua breed bitches, based on embryo-fetal biometry, assessed by ultrasonography

et al. 2020

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“…Litter size does not seem to have an influence on accuracy of gestational ageing and parturition date prediction (Kutzler, Yeager, et al., 2003 ). On the other hand, body size and/or breed‐specific formulas or corrections to maternal body weight should be used to achieve the most accurate prediction of gestational age or parturition day (Cecchetto et al., 2017 ; Lopate, 2008 , 2018 ; Luvoni & Grioni, 2000 ; Sananmuang et al., 2021 ; Siena & Milani, 2021 ; Socha & Janowski, 2018 ; Son et al., 2001 ; de Albuquerque Vieira et al., 2020 ; Yeager et al., 1992 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of two‐dimensional (2D) and three‐dimensional (3D) ultrasonography for gestational ageing in the early to mid‐pregnant bitch

Pestelacci

Tzanidakis

Reichler

et al. 2021

Reprod Domestic Animals

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Accuracy of prediction of the day of parturition in the bitch decreases with advancing pregnancy. We hypothesized that three‐dimensional (3D) volume ultrasonography may be superior for gestational ageing than 2D measurements. Thirty‐two pregnancy examinations were performed in 25 bitches of different breeds 21–34 days after the first mating. Ovulation date from serum progesterone concentrations was estimated for 15 bitches, and parturition date was recorded for all dogs. Inner chorionic cavity (ICC) diameters and ICC length of the conceptus were measured by 2D B‐mode, and ICC volume by 3D ultrasonography (Voluson® i, GE Healthcare). Linear or exponential regressions between ICC measurements and time, i.e. days after estimated ovulation or days before parturition, were performed with significance set at p < .05. ICC volume increased exponentially over time, while ICC diameter showed a linear growth. ICC volume had similar accuracy (R2 = .718, p < .001) to ICC diameter and ICC length (R2 = .707 and R2 = .728, p < .001) when analysed in relation to days after estimated ovulation or in relation to days before parturition (R2 = .818, R2 = .800 and R2 = .810, p < .001 respectively). There were strong (R2 ≥ .875) significant associations between all ICC measurements. In conclusion, ICC volume did not improve canine gestational ageing accuracy, which supports the continued use of the ICC diameter, particularly in light of the difficulty in obtaining 3D measurements. On the basis of ICC volume, the growth of the canine conceptus appeared to be exponential already during the first half of pregnancy.

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Clinical use of the canine foetal kidney formula in dogs of different maternal sizes during the last ten days before parturition

et al. 2023

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Specific fetometric formulas ofICCandBPfor calculating the parturition date in the miniature breeds of canine

Cited by 8 publications

References 22 publications

Estimated date of delivery in Chihuahua breed bitches, based on embryo-fetal biometry, assessed by ultrasonography

Estimated date of delivery in Chihuahua breed bitches, based on embryo-fetal biometry, assessed by ultrasonography

Comparison of two‐dimensional (2D) and three‐dimensional (3D) ultrasonography for gestational ageing in the early to mid‐pregnant bitch

Clinical use of the canine foetal kidney formula in dogs of different maternal sizes during the last ten days before parturition

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