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The paper features nutritionally enhanced bakery products. N.I. Vavilov Saratov State Agricultural University conducts a series of research on the development of accelerated technologies for nutritionally enhanced bakery products. One of the main objectives of food industry is to develop healthy bakery products. Small power bakeries located in places of high demand are getting very popular. Mini-bakeries specialize in complementing products, e.g. malt rye bread and sweet rolls, as well as dietary, functional, and preventive bakery products. In Russia, apple juice is cheap and available, since apples are extremely widespread. Nevertheless, apple juice is rich in minerals, vitamins, enzymes, and organic acids. The authors developed an accelerated technology for bakery products fortified with apple juice. The technology can be used by small enterprises that would like to expand their product range with the help of domestic fortifiers. The experiment involved samples of cold technology bread, in which water was partially substituted with apple juice. The samples were tested on sensory, physical, and chemical properties. The article describes the effect of apple juice on the structural and mechanical characteristics of the samples, i.e. viscosity, shear velocity, crumb, shelf life, rheological properties, general and plastic deformation, etc. The research revealed that apple juice affects the discoloration of the bakery product, i.e. degree of whiteness, chromaticity, and other color characteristics. Consumer properties were tested by panelists. The experiment defined the nutrition value and chemical composition of the product and established the optimal dosage of apple juice in the formulation, which could maintain the best consumer properties and satisfy the daily requirement for nutrients. Thus, bakery products fortified with apple juice can contribute to the development of baking industry.
The paper features nutritionally enhanced bakery products. N.I. Vavilov Saratov State Agricultural University conducts a series of research on the development of accelerated technologies for nutritionally enhanced bakery products. One of the main objectives of food industry is to develop healthy bakery products. Small power bakeries located in places of high demand are getting very popular. Mini-bakeries specialize in complementing products, e.g. malt rye bread and sweet rolls, as well as dietary, functional, and preventive bakery products. In Russia, apple juice is cheap and available, since apples are extremely widespread. Nevertheless, apple juice is rich in minerals, vitamins, enzymes, and organic acids. The authors developed an accelerated technology for bakery products fortified with apple juice. The technology can be used by small enterprises that would like to expand their product range with the help of domestic fortifiers. The experiment involved samples of cold technology bread, in which water was partially substituted with apple juice. The samples were tested on sensory, physical, and chemical properties. The article describes the effect of apple juice on the structural and mechanical characteristics of the samples, i.e. viscosity, shear velocity, crumb, shelf life, rheological properties, general and plastic deformation, etc. The research revealed that apple juice affects the discoloration of the bakery product, i.e. degree of whiteness, chromaticity, and other color characteristics. Consumer properties were tested by panelists. The experiment defined the nutrition value and chemical composition of the product and established the optimal dosage of apple juice in the formulation, which could maintain the best consumer properties and satisfy the daily requirement for nutrients. Thus, bakery products fortified with apple juice can contribute to the development of baking industry.
The transformation of the Russian economy has led to a significant reduction in the production of bread and bakery products. The recent years have seen a groing competition between retail chains, mini-bakeries, and bakeries. The present research features the problems of the production of bread and bakery products by large industrial enterprises and offers a number of possible solutions. The authors used statistical methods of data analysis. The study employed statistical data on the production volumes of bakery and flour confectionery products according to the Russian National Classifier of Types of Economic Activity as obtained from the Federal State Statistics Service. The study revealed the relationship between the deterioration of the economic situation in the country and the increase in the production of bread and bakery products, which confirms the social importance of bread. The reduction in the volume of bread and bakery products is connected with the annual decrease in the production of non-durable storage products by 1.3–2%. In 1990–2017, the volume of production decreased from 18.2 to 6.5 million tons. Low economic indicators remain a major problem of the baking industry. In 2017, the baking industry of the Kemerovo region showed the following levels: the use of average annual capacity – 35%, profitability – 2.5%, equipment wear – 50–80%. The production of long-term storage and low humidity products increases annually. In 2010-2017, the volume of production increased by 28.78%, and in 2017 it amounted to 552,000 tons. In 2010–2017, there was an increase in the production of flour confectionery products of long-term storage by 45%; the annual increase was 4–6%. In 2010–2017, production of flour confectionery products increased from 1.43 to 1.92 million tons. The research proved that it is advisable to divide the production of bakery and flour confectionery products into socially significant and commercial products. The authors believe that socially important products should include bakery products of short-term storage, as well as healthy foods with vegetable additives. As for commercial products, bakery products of long-term storage and low humidity should include products with a complex unique recipe, e.g. gluten-free bakery and confectionery products. To solve this problem, Kemerovo State University is currently developing scientifically based recipes and technologies for bakery products fortified with iodine, selenium, and various natural additives, e.g. sea buckthorn, cranberry, viburnum, etc.
Introduction. Shock freezing is widely used in food industry. However, it is not popular with public catering enterprises that produce their own bread and bakery products. Many businesses prefer to use ready-made frozen semi-finished products, rather than to bake them on their own. However, the range of such semi-finished products is not sufficiently diverse: as a rule, it includes “basic” popular products. The authors believe that bread can be an advantageous image product for any public catering company. Fresh bread makes the company more competitive. Shock freezing technology can help public catering enterprises to expand their range of bakery products, diversify the bread menu, and increase profitability. The research objective was to establish shock-freezing modes for bakery products produced in the conditions of a public catering enterprise, including using non-traditional raw materials, e.g. cranberry and beet puree. Study objects and methods. The research featured samples of baked products from yeast dough prepared in various ways, including shock-freezing technology. The quality of the raw materials and finished products was assessed by a combination of organoleptic and physicochemical indicators using standard methods. Results and discussion. The article introduces new scientific-based formulations of yeast dough products with beetroot and cranberry puree, modes and parameters of shock freezing and baking of bakery products in the conditions of a public catering enterprise. The doses of beet and cranberry puree that provide the best quality indicators of finished products were 10% of beet and 5% of cranberry puree per unit of flour. The authors studied the effect of baking time on the quality of frozen bakery products, as well as the freezing time and the cooking time after refreezing. Conclusion. The research established the quality indicators, modes, and parameters of shock freezing of bakery products at chain catering enterprises. The optimal freezing time for 50 g products after 10 min of baking in a convection oven at 180°C proved 50 ± 2 min at –40°C; the baking time after refreezing was 10 min at 180°C.
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