Specific applications of capillary electrochromatography to biopolymers, including proteins, nucleic acids, peptide mapping, antibodies, and so forth

Krull, Ira S.; Sebag, Albert B.; Stevenson, R.

doi:10.1016/s0021-9673(00)00251-x

Cited by 53 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…A number of CE modes have been developed for the separation and analysis of proteins: isotachophoresis (ITP) [112], isoelectric focusing (IEF) [103,104,106,113], electrokinetic chromatography (EKC) [114][115][116][117][118], affinity electrophoresis [119,120], and immunosubstraction CE (IS-CE) [121]. CE has been used for the diagnosis of such disorders as adenylosuccinase deficiency, 5-oxoprolinuria, Bence-Jones proteinuria, and nephrotic syndrome, and has been gaining importance for use in routine clinical analysis [122][123][124].…”

Section: Proteins Glycans and Glycoproteinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent developments in the determination of urinary cancer biomarkers by capillary electrophoresis

Liu

et al. 2004

Electrophoresis

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Investigation of effective biomarkers for cancers is currently a popular area of study in clinical and cancer researches, because it can potentially lead to pre-cancer screening or pre-cancer diagnosis and may provide useful information on cancer type and the disease's stage of progression. More and more biochemical or chemical fluid components of the human body such as urine, blood, and cerebrospinal fluid have been considered to contain biomarkers, which are useful in cancer researches, pre-cancer diagnosis, and cancer follow-ups during or after cancer treatment. Several modern analytical techniques, such as gas chromatography (GC), high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), capillary electrophoresis (CE), and other separation techniques as well as hyphenated techniques, have been extensively used in study of cancer biomarkers. Among these techniques, CE is considered to be a highly efficient and practical analytical technique because of the small sample volume requirement and its wide separation versatility, ranging from small inorganic molecules to large biomolecules. This review discusses the latest developments involving biomarkers and their analysis by CE, including a discussion of instrumental conditions, method developments, and data analysis.

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Section: Proteins Glycans and Glycoproteinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent developments in the determination of urinary cancer biomarkers by capillary electrophoresis

Liu

et al. 2004

Electrophoresis

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“…[1][2][3][4][5][6] CEC can be categorized into two types: electroosmotic flowdriven CEC and a pressurized flow-driven CEC (pCEC). In the former CEC, the application of either a positive or negative voltage along a column can provide analyte migration toward the column outlet (detector) due to the electrophoretic or electroosmotic flow.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dual-Gradient Capillary Electrochromatography by Varying the Mobile Phase Composition and Applied Voltage

2008

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Dual-gradient capillary electrochromatography (DG-CEC) was developed to provide superior performance with regard to the separation of ionized analytes; in this method, both the eluent composition and the applied voltage are varied during the separation procedure. As for the gradient in the eluent composition, a shift in the pH is employed to control not only the electrophoretic mobility, but also the retention factor of the analytes. The dual-gradient method was shown to be effective in increasing the resolution and reducing the chromatographic period of ionized analytes. Fourteen kinds of o-phthalaldehyde labeled amino acids were separated within 8 min using DG-CEC with multistage enlargement in the applied voltage. The separation efficiency increased particularly for highly retained amino acids in the dual-gradient, as compared to those in the ordinary single-gradient for the eluent.

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“…In addition, improvements in instrumentation for MS/MS, especially traps (Jonscher & Yates, 1996) and tof analyzers (Guilhaus, Selby, &Mlynski, 2000), have greatly expanded the application of MS in biochemistry. This expansion has been accelerated by the development of sophisticated methods combining MS and advanced separation methods such as electrophoresis or capillary chromatography (Krull, Sebag, & Stevenson, 2000). The majority of applications involving primary structure determination are concerned with peptides and proteins (Yates III, 1998;Kelleher, 2000;Pandey & Mann, 2000), but there are also many examples where MS has played an important role in the characterization of intact and modi®ed nucleic acids, oligonucleotides, and bases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry of oligonucleotide complexes with drugs, metals, and proteins

Beck

Colgrave

Ralph

et al. 2001

Mass Spectrometry Reviews

227

204

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I. Introduction 61 II. Binding of Small Molecules to DNA 62 A. Covalent Binding 62 B. Reversible (Noncovalent) DNA-Binding Agents 65 III. DNA-Metal Ion Complexes 67 A. Platinum Complexes 70 B. Other Metal Ions 73 IV. DNA-Protein Complexes 74 A. Introduction 74 B. ESI-MS of DNA-Protein Complexes 76 C. ESI-MS Analysis of Proteolytic Products of DNA-Protein Complexes 79 D. ESI-MS of Ternary DNA-Protein-Ligand Complexes 80 V. Conclusions 80 Abbreviations 81 References 81 --Interactions of DNA with drugs, metal ions, and proteins are important in a wide variety of biological processes. With the advent of electrospray ionization (ESI) and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI), mass spectrometry (MS) is now a well-established tool for the characterization of the primary structures of biopolymers. The gentle nature of the ESI process, however, means that ESI-MS is also finding application for the study of noncovalent and other fragile biomolecular complexes. We outline here the progress, to date, in the use of ESI-MS for the study of noncovalent drug-DNA and protein-DNA complexes together with strategies that can be employed to examine the binding of small molecules and metal complexes to DNA. In the case of covalent complexes with DNA, sequence information can be derived from ESI-MS used in conjunction with tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) and/or enzymatic digestion. MS/MS can also be used to probe the relative binding affinities of drugs that bind to DNA via noncovalent interactions. Overall, the work in this area, to date has demonstrated that ESI-MS and MS/MS will prove to be valuable complements to other structural methods, offering advantages in terms of speed, specificity, and sensitivity. (c) 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

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Specific applications of capillary electrochromatography to biopolymers, including proteins, nucleic acids, peptide mapping, antibodies, and so forth

Cited by 53 publications

References 38 publications

Recent developments in the determination of urinary cancer biomarkers by capillary electrophoresis

Recent developments in the determination of urinary cancer biomarkers by capillary electrophoresis

Dual-Gradient Capillary Electrochromatography by Varying the Mobile Phase Composition and Applied Voltage

Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry of oligonucleotide complexes with drugs, metals, and proteins

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