Specific absorption rate and temperature distributions in human head subjected to mobile phone radiation at different frequencies

Wessapan, Teerapot; Srisawatdhisukul, Siramate; Rattanadecho, Phadungsak

doi:10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2011.09.027

Cited by 95 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…We investigated only those studies in the literature that involves human head for SAR analysis, mainly using mobile phones [40,41]. We have also explored that there are certain safety limits to avoid high power and extended exposure of EM waves to the human brain as reported in the literature.…”

Section: Sar Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

An Investigation Into Electromagnetic Based Impedance Tomography Using Realistic Human Head Model

Munawar

Mustansar

Nadeem

et al. 2016

Int J Pharm Pharm Sci

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College of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan Email: awaismunawar.phd06@rcms.nust.edu.pkThe objective of this research is to investigate the feasibility of Electromagnetic based Impedance Tomography (EMIT) for brain stroke detection, localization and classification. Electromagnetic based Impedance Tomography employing microwave imaging technique is an emerging brain stroke diagnostic modality. It relies on the significant contrast between dielectric properties of the normal and abnormal brain tissues. To study the interaction between micro-wave signals and head tissues, the simulations are performed using a geometrically simple 3-D ellipsoid head model with emulated stroke. Finite Element numerical technique is adopted to find the solution of Maxwell's equations to measure the transmitted and backscattered signals in forward problem. Contrast Source Inversion technique is proposed to solve the inverse scattering problem and reconstruct brain images based on calculated dielectric profiles. Detailed analysis is performed to determine the safety limits of transmitted signals to minimize ionizing effects while ensuring maximum penetration. The simulations verify the inhomogeneous and frequency-dispersive behavior of brain tissue's dielectric properties. The solution of the forward problem demonstrates the microwave signals scattering by the multilayer structure of the head model, duly validated by analytical results. The scattering phenomena can be fully capitalized by image reconstruction algorithm to obtain brain images and detect stroke presence. The initial results obtained in this research and prior work indicates that EMIT-based head imaging system has a potential for rapid stroke detection, classification, and continuous brain monitoring and offers a comparatively cost-effective solution.

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Section: Sar Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

An Investigation Into Electromagnetic Based Impedance Tomography Using Realistic Human Head Model

Munawar

Mustansar

Nadeem

et al. 2016

Int J Pharm Pharm Sci

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“…The electromagnetic field at the boundary of tissue and tumor is conformed to be continuity boundary condition [40]:…”

Section: The Electromagnetic Distribution Of a Coaxial-slot Antennamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the MWA process, the linear approximation of the dielectric properties i.e. e r,liver , r liver (S/m), and the absolute temperature T can be expressed as follows [8,41] Heat transfer during the MWA process of liver tissues and tumors can be accurately described by the Pennes bio-heat equation [8,28,40]:…”

Section: The Electromagnetic Distribution Of a Coaxial-slot Antennamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Then, it raises an interesting issue, that is, whether the multiple-slot antenna is even more conformal for MWA of spherical liver tumors. Based on the research of microwave heating and hyperthermia mechanism [32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42] and the analysis of coaxial antenna with periodic slots [43][44][45][46], a series of novel coaxial antennas with multiple slots are designed for tumor conformal treatment in this study.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Theoretical evaluation of the treatment effectiveness of a novel coaxial multi-slot antenna for conformal microwave ablation of tumors

Wang

Zhao

Qiu

2015

International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer

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“…These literatures have implied that the peak 1 g or 10 g SAR value may exceed the safety limits, when EM radiation source is extremely close to the head. Since SAR is a physical quantity, the safety guidelines on SAR for wireless applications should be determined based on the temperature rise in the head [23], especially in the brain. In this paper, we propose a HIS structure for gain enhancement and SAR reduction with detailed thermal analysis of human head area.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A compact TRM antenna with high impedance surface for SAR reduction at 1800 MHz

Kamalaveni

Madhan

2016

AEU - International Journal of Electronics and Communications

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Specific absorption rate and temperature distributions in human head subjected to mobile phone radiation at different frequencies

Cited by 95 publications

References 18 publications

An Investigation Into Electromagnetic Based Impedance Tomography Using Realistic Human Head Model

An Investigation Into Electromagnetic Based Impedance Tomography Using Realistic Human Head Model

Theoretical evaluation of the treatment effectiveness of a novel coaxial multi-slot antenna for conformal microwave ablation of tumors

A compact TRM antenna with high impedance surface for SAR reduction at 1800 MHz

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