Species survival plan contributions to research and reintroduction of Addax Addax nasomaculatus

Spevak, Edward M.; Blumer, Evan S.; CORRELL, TERRIE L.

doi:10.1111/j.1748-1090.1992.tb02486.x

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Maximising genetic diversity is a priority when selecting founders for reintroductions from available source populations (IUCN/SSC, 2013), a goal which can only be achieved through understanding the genetic relationships between source populations. The founders of the large, coordinated addax breeding programmes, the SSP and EEP, are poorly known (Spevak et al, 1993), and records are lacking for the UAE populations, though some founders are suspected to have originated from the USA private sector (unsampled here but likely genetically similar to the SSP, Hauser et al 2022).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These data indicated that, prior to recent declines in population numbers, there were relatively low levels of genetic diversity and minimal genetic structure, indicative of a large, highly panmictic population. Previous molecular genetic studies of ex situ addax populations are restricted to either single institutions (Armstrong et al, 2011) or regions (Ivy et al, 2016; Spevak et al, 1993), thus representing only a small proportion of the global population. Importantly, different methodologies are used across all studies, prohibiting comparison amongst populations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genetic diversity in global populations of the Critically Endangered addax (Addax nasomaculatus) and its implications for conservation

Dicks

Ball

Banfield

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Threatened species are frequently patchily distributed across small wild populations, ex situ populations managed with varying levels of intensity, and reintroduced populations. Best practice advocates for integrated management across in situ and ex situ populations. Wild addax (Addax nasomaculatus) now number fewer than 100 individuals, yet thousands of addax remain in ex situ populations, which can provide addax for reintroductions, as has been the case in Tunisia in the mid-1980s. However, integrated management requires genetic data to ascertain the relationships between wild and ex situ populations that have incomplete knowledge of founder origins, management histories and pedigrees. We undertook a global assessment of genetic diversity across wild, ex situ, and reintroduced populations in Tunisia to assist conservation planning for this Critically Endangered species. We show that the remnant wild populations retain more mitochondrial haplotypes which are more evolutionarily diverse than the entirety of the ex situ populations across Europe, North America and the United Arab Emirates, and the reintroduced Tunisian population. Additionally, 1704 SNPs revealed that whilst population structure within the ex situ population is minimal, each population carries unique diversity. Finally, we show that careful selection of founders and subsequent genetic management is vital to ensure genetic diversity is provided to, and minimise drift and inbreeding within, reintroductions. Our results highlight a vital need to conserve the last remaining wild addax population, and we provide a genetic foundation for determining integrated conservation strategies to prevent extinction and optimise future reintroductions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic diversity in global populations of the Critically Endangered addax (Addax nasomaculatus) and its implications for conservation

Dicks

Ball

Banfield

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…Addax usually rests in shady and dug-out places and wander widely only to forage. This animal has a good ability to track rainfall and as a result moves to areas with more vegetation [47].…”

Section: Inspiration Of Aoamentioning

confidence: 99%

Addax Optimization Algorithm: A Novel Nature-Inspired Optimizer for Solving Engineering Applications

2024

IJIES

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This paper introduces a novel nature-inspired optimization algorithm called the Addax Optimization Algorithm (AOA), which emulates the natural behavior of addax in the wild. The core inspiration for AOA is drawn from the addax's foraging strategy and digging skills. The theoretical foundation of AOA is expounded and mathematically modeled in two phases: (i) exploration based on modeling addax position change during foraging and (ii) exploitation based on addax position change modeling during digging. The efficiency of AOA in handling realworld engineering applications is evaluated on four engineering design problems. The optimization results show that AOA is achieved effective solutions for optimization problems with its high ability in exploration, exploitation, and establishing a balance between them during the search process. The outcomes derived from applying AOA are compared with the performance of twelve well-known optimization algorithms. The simulation results show that AOA is provided superior performance compared to competitor algorithms, by achieving better results and ranking as the first best optimizer. The simulation findings show that the proposed AOA approach has an effective performance for handling optimization tasks in engineering applications.

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“…These data indicated that, prior to recent declines in population numbers, there were relatively low levels of genetic diversity and minimal genetic structure, indicative of a large, highly panmictic population. Previous molecular genetic studies of ex situ addax populations are restricted to either single institutions (Armstrong et al, 2011), region (North America—Spevak et al, 1993) or have focussed on relatedness estimators within a population (North America—Hauser et al, 2022; Ivy et al, 2016), thus representing only a small proportion of the global population. Importantly, different methodologies are used across all studies, prohibiting comparison amongst populations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic diversity in global populations of the critically endangered addax (Addax nasomaculatus) and its implications for conservation

Dicks

Ball

Banfield

et al. 2022

Evolutionary Applications

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Threatened species are frequently patchily distributed across small wild populations, ex situ populations managed with varying levels of intensity and reintroduced populations. Best practice advocates for integrated management across in situ and ex situ populations. Wild addax ( Addax nasomaculatus ) now number fewer than 100 individuals, yet 1000 of addax remain in ex situ populations, which can provide addax for reintroductions, as has been the case in Tunisia since the mid‐1980s. However, integrated management requires genetic data to ascertain the relationships between wild and ex situ populations that have incomplete knowledge of founder origins, management histories, and pedigrees. We undertook a global assessment of genetic diversity across wild, ex situ and reintroduced populations in Tunisia to assist conservation planning for this Critically Endangered species. We show that the remnant wild populations retain more mitochondrial haplotypes that are more diverse than the entirety of the ex situ populations across Europe, North America and the United Arab Emirates, and the reintroduced Tunisian population. Additionally, 1704 SNPs revealed that whilst population structure within the ex situ population is minimal, each population carries unique diversity. Finally, we show that careful selection of founders and subsequent genetic management is vital to ensure genetic diversity is provided to, and minimize drift and inbreeding within reintroductions. Our results highlight a vital need to conserve the last remaining wild addax population, and we provide a genetic foundation for determining integrated conservation strategies to prevent extinction and optimize future reintroductions.

show abstract

Species survival plan contributions to research and reintroduction of Addax Addax nasomaculatus

Cited by 6 publications

References 17 publications

Genetic diversity in global populations of the Critically Endangered addax (Addax nasomaculatus) and its implications for conservation

Genetic diversity in global populations of the Critically Endangered addax (Addax nasomaculatus) and its implications for conservation

Addax Optimization Algorithm: A Novel Nature-Inspired Optimizer for Solving Engineering Applications

Genetic diversity in global populations of the critically endangered addax (Addax nasomaculatus) and its implications for conservation

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