Species-specific effects of leaf litter on seedling emergence and growth of the invasive Flaveria bidentis and its co-occurring native species: a common garden test

Li, Keli; Huiyan, LI; Huangfu, Chaohe; Dian-lin, Yang; Liu, Hongmei; Wang, Hui

doi:10.1007/s11258-016-0657-y

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…In order to identify if (and what kind of) tillage could be recommended for the control of invasives after abandonment, it is essential to know the soil depth from which seedlings of the locally problematic species can emerge (Humphries et al, 2018). Litter can also have an important role in the control of invasives, as it has already been demonstrated that it can hamper the establishment of weeds in old-fields (Deák et al, 2011) and decrease the emergence of invasives such as Solidago canadensis (Goldberg & Werner, 1983) or Flaveria bidentis (Li et al, 2016). Thus, a deeper insight into the effects of litter on the germination of invasives can be valuable in practical nature conservation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Germination response of invasive plants to soil burial depth and litter accumulation is species specific

Sonkoly

Valkó

Balogh

et al. 2020

Preprint

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AbstractQuestionsPlant invasions are considered among the biggest threats to biodiversity worldwide. In a full-factorial greenhouse experiment we analysed the effect of soil burial depth and litter cover on the germination of invasive plants. We hypothesised that (i) burial depth and litter cover affect the germination of the studied species, (ii) the effects of burial and litter cover interact with each other, and (iii) the effects are species-specific, but dependent on seed size.MethodsWe tested the germination and seedling growth of 11 herbaceous invasive species in a full-factorial experiment using four levels of seed burial depths and litter cover. We analysed the effect of burial, litter cover, and their interactions on germination, seedling length and biomass across species and at the species level.ResultsSoil burial depth and litter cover had a significant effect on the germination of the studied species, but there were considerable differences between species. We observed a general trend of species with bigger seeds being not or less seriously affected by soil burial and litter cover than smaller-seeded species. Correlations between seed weight and effect sizes mostly confirmed this general trend, but not in the case of soil burial.ConclusionsOur findings confirmed that seed size is a major driver of species’ response to litter cover and to the combined effects of litter cover and soil burial, but there is no general trend regarding the response to soil burial depth. Despite its very small seeds the germination of Cynodon dactylon was not affected by soil burial. The germination of Ambrosia artemisiifolia was hampered by both soil burial and litter cover despite its relatively large seeds. Thus, specific information on species’ response to burial depth and litter accumulation is crucial when planning management or restoration in areas threatened by plant invasions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Germination response of invasive plants to soil burial depth and litter accumulation is species specific

Sonkoly

Valkó

Balogh

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…The presence of an invasive litter layer can disrupt a variety of mechanistic pathways that in turn can inhibit germination and overall community structure (Henry et al ; Loydi et al ). These inhibitory pathways can include a physical barrier to germination and establishment (Vaccaro et al ; Kaproth et al ; Li et al ; Mariotte et al ). Little to no native species germination under the litter and high native germination less than 0.5 cm away from an areas containing litter (A.M. Faist, 2011, University of Colorado, personal observation ) suggests it could be the physical presence of the litter layer facilitating plant community composition (Amatangelo et al , Kaproth et al ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because these vernal pools are an annually dominated system, both through inundation and plant life cycles, after the spring peak growing season all plants senesce and deposit their biomass onto the soil surface. This deposited invasive plant biomass, or litter, has the potential to cause positive feedbacks facilitating the recruitment of species adapted to a deeper litter layer and simultaneously limit recruitment for those species unaccustomed to its presence (Amatangelo et al ; Kaproth et al ; Li et al ; Mariotte et al ). Furthermore, this positive feedback caused by increased plant litter depth, could represent a state change pathway that, depending on population and community responses, may transition the plant communities of vernal pools from native to invasive alternative states.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Invasive plant feedbacks promote alternative states in California vernal pools

Faist

Beals

2017

Restoration Ecology

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Invasive species have the potential to create positive feedbacks and push an ecosystem into an alternative state through a variety of mechanisms. Unless the drivers behind these feedbacks are understood, restoring a system to a more desirable state may not be possible. We used a long-term vernal pool restoration project based out of Travis Airforce Base, Fairfield, CA, U.S.A. to examine natural pools dominated by either invasive or native plant communities, and restored pools predominately composed of invasive plants. We determined that plant community structure is drastically altered towards invasive grasses with the addition of a single centimeter of litter. In the absence of this litter layer, community structure was driven by a non-native forb rather than native species. We also found that native plant-dominated vernal pools have a longer inundation duration and are deeper compared to invasive-dominated pools, regardless of construction status. These results suggest that once invasive grasses establish through lower inundation depths, their litter deposition can initiate a positive feedback to maintain an invasive alternative state. However, even after litter removal, non-native forbs can replace the grasses causing a second alternative state still separate from the most desirable native dominated state. This study directly demonstrates that invasive species, and their positive feedbacks, may limit the success of ecological restoration. To effectively restore a system all constraints must be identified and removed before successful restoration can occur.

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“…Plant litter can affect the structure and composition of plant communities directly through its influence on the emergence and early growth of seedlings (Sayer, 2006;Li K. et al, 2016). The influence of plant litter on plant establishment can be negative or positive, and these influences differ among species, litter types, and litter quantity (Hovstad and Ohlson, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Artemisia halodendron Litters Have Strong Negative Allelopathic Effects on Earlier Successional Plants in a Semi-Arid Sandy Dune Region in China

Luo

Yan

et al. 2020

Front. Plant Sci.

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Artemisia halodendron Turcz. ex Besser occurs following the appearance of a pioneer species, Agriophyllum squarrosum (L.) Moq., with the former replacing the latter during the naturally vegetation succession in sandy dune regions in China. A previous study revealed that the foliage litter of A. halodendron had strong negative allelopathic effects on germination of the soil seed bank and on the seedling growth. However, whether this allelopathic effect varies with litter types and with the identity of plant species has not yet been studied. We, therefore, carried out a seed germination experiment to determine the allelopathic effects of three ltter types of A. halodendron (roots, foliage, and stems) on seed germination of six plant species that progressively occur along a successional gradient in the semi-arid grasslands in the Horqin Sandy Land of northeastern China. In line with our expectation, we found that the early-successional species rather than the late-successional species were negatively affected by A. halodendron and that the allelopathic effects on seed germination increase with increasing concentration of litter extracts, irrespective of litter types. Our study evidenced the negative allelopathic effects of A. halodendron on the species replacement and on the community composition during dune stabilization in the Horqin Sandy Land. Further studies are needed to better understand the successional process and thus to promote the vegetation restoration in that sandy dune region as A. halodendron itself disappeared also during the process.

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Species-specific effects of leaf litter on seedling emergence and growth of the invasive Flaveria bidentis and its co-occurring native species: a common garden test

Cited by 12 publications

References 44 publications

Germination response of invasive plants to soil burial depth and litter accumulation is species specific

Germination response of invasive plants to soil burial depth and litter accumulation is species specific

Invasive plant feedbacks promote alternative states in California vernal pools

Artemisia halodendron Litters Have Strong Negative Allelopathic Effects on Earlier Successional Plants in a Semi-Arid Sandy Dune Region in China

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