Species of Russula subgenus Heterophyllidiae (Russulaceae, Basidiomycota) from Dinghushan Biosphere Reserve

Abstract

Two new species of subgenus Heterophyllidiae subsection Cyanoxanthinae, Russula fusiformata Y.Song sp. nov. and R. purpureorosea Y.Song sp. nov., collected from the Dinghushan Biosphere Reserve (DHSBR), are described based on both morphology and a phylogenetic analysis of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS), further increasing Heterophyllidiae species diversity in the area. Differences between the two new species and related taxa are analyzed. The other 17 reported species of Russula subgenus Heterophyllidiae that have been collected from DHSBR during mushroom explorations since 2014 are also summarized. The dominant species and the ecological distribution of all 19 species are briefly discussed, and most species are presented in macrofungal plates.

Notes on four species of Russula subgenus Heterophyllidiae (Russulaceae, Russulales) from southern China

“…ex F. Rudolphi, Rosaceae Juss., and Sterculiaceae (Candolle) Bartling ( Das et al, 2013 ; Dutta et al, 2015 ; Zhao et al, 2015 ; Crous et al, 2017 ; Chen et al, 2021b ). In China, together with our two new species, the vast majority of species of the subgenus such as R. albolutea , R. clavulus , R. fusiformata , R. lotus , R. luofuensis , R. subbubalina , R. subpunctipes , and R. viridirubrolimbata are associated with trees of Fagaceae ( Ying, 1983 ; Li and Deng, 2018 ; Song et al, 2020 ; Chen et al, 2021a , b , d ; Song, 2022 ); a great number of species including R. atroaeruginea , R. indocatillus , R. multilamellula , R. pseudopectinatoides , R. straminella , R. subpectinatoides , and R. succinea are associated with trees of Pinaceae ( Li et al, 2013 , 2015 , 2021 ; Chen et al, 2021d ); R. hainanensis is associated with trees of Dipterocarpaceae ( Han et al, 2022 ); some species, e.g., R. indocatillus A. Ghosh, K. Das, and R. P. Bhatt, can be associated with both trees of Fagaceae and Pinaceae ( Ghosh et al, 2020 ; Li et al, 2021 ). In addition, we also noted that R. subpunicea was reported to grow under trees of Betulaceae and Fagaceae ( Chen et al, 2021b ), and R. nigrovirens was found under trees of Ericaceae, Pinaceae, and Rosaceae ( Zhao et al, 2015 ).…”

“…Heterophyllae ( Figure 1 ). It is worth noting that R. vesca Fr., originally described in Europe, was reported to be distributed in China ( Song, 2022 ); however, the Chinese collections identified as R. vesca are somewhat distant from European R. vesca in phylogenies ( Figure 1 ; Song, 2022 ). The occurrence of R. vesca in China should be further defined in the future.…”

“…Morphological characteristics used to define species of subg. Heterophyllidiae have been extensively discussed in previous studies (Chou and Wang, 2005;Li et al, 2013Li et al, , 2015Li et al, , 2019Li et al, , 2021Chen et al, 2014Chen et al, , 2019Chen et al, , 2021aZhao et al, 2015;Zhang et al, 2017;Li and Deng, 2018;Song et al, 2018aSong et al, ,b, 2020Wang et al, 2019;Yuan et al, 2019;Han et al, 2022;Song, 2022). Ecological preference, also a useful feature to delimitate species, receives little attention.…”

“…In China, 38 species of subg. Heterophyllidiae have also been described/reported, which greatly enriched the species diversity of this subgenus ( Ying, 1983 ; Chou and Wang, 2005 ; Li et al, 2013 , 2015 , 2018 , 2019 , 2021 ; Chen et al, 2014 , 2019 , 2021a , b , c , d ; Zhao et al, 2015 ; Zhang et al, 2017 ; Li and Deng, 2018 ; Song et al, 2018a , b , 2020 ; Wang et al, 2019 ; Yuan et al, 2019 ; Han et al, 2022 ; Song, 2022 ). Even so, the diversity and taxonomy still remained incompletely understood in the country.…”

“…In previous studies, about 161 species within subg. Heterophyllidiae were revealed around the world ( Ying, 1983 ; Li et al, 2013 , 2015 , 2018 , 2019 , 2021 ; Chen et al, 2014 , 2019 , 2021a , b , c , d ; Zhao et al, 2015 ; Zhang et al, 2017 ; Li and Deng, 2018 ; Song et al, 2018a , b , 2020 ; Wang et al, 2019 ; Yuan et al, 2019 ; Ghosh et al, 2020 ; Wisitrassameewong et al, 2020 , 2022 ; Vera et al, 2021 ; Altaf et al, 2022 ; Han et al, 2022 ; Song, 2022 ). Moreover, the edibility and poisonousness of the subgenus have also been noted, e.g., edible species, R. maguanensis J. Wang, X. H. Wang, Buyck and T. Bau, R. substriata J. Wang, X. H. Wang, Buyck and T. Bau, R. vesca Fr., and R. viridirubrolimbata J.…”