Species diversity and distributions of pelagic calanoid copepods (Crustacea) from the Southern Ocean

Park, E. Taisoo; Ferrari, Frank D.

doi:10.5479/si.097884601x.12

Cited by 14 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The list of taxa identified in our samples aligns with previous records from the Southern Ocean ( Mackintosh, 1937 ; Pakhomov et al, 2000 , Pakhomov & Froneman, 2004a , 2004b ; Froneman, 2000 ; Stupnikova & Vereshchaka, 2013 ; Voronina, 1984 ). The list is expected to include most mesoplankton taxa occurring in the Southern Ocean because seasonal upward migrations had generally occurred by the time of our survey (austral summer) ( Hardy & Gunther, 1935 ; Mackintosh, 1934 ; Voronina, 1984 ; Rudjakov & Voronina, 1973 ) and mesoplankton typically concentrate in the sampled 0–300 m layer to feed and to reproduce ( Gliwicz, 1986 ; Żmijevska, 1987 ; Lampert, 1989 ; Park & Ferrari, 2009 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Froneman, 2000;Stupnikova & Vereshchaka, 2013;Voronina, 1984). The list is expected to include most mesoplankton taxa occurring in the Southern Ocean because seasonal upward migrations had generally occurred by the time of our survey (austral summer) (Hardy & Gunther, 1935;Mackintosh, 1934;Voronina, 1984;Rudjakov & Voronina, 1973) and mesoplankton typically concentrate in the sampled 0-300 m layer to feed and to reproduce (Gliwicz, 1986;Żmijevska, 1987;Lampert, 1989;Park & Ferrari, 2009). Surprisingly, composition of zooplankton assemblages and distribution of dominant taxa remained relatively stable during at least 17 years.…”

Section: Composition Of Zooplankton Assemblages and Distribution Of Dominant Taxamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biogeography of the Southern Ocean: environmental factors driving mesoplankton distribution South of Africa

Vereshchaka¹,

Musaeva²,

Lunina³

2021

PeerJ

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Spatial distribution of zooplankton communities depends on numerous factors, especially temperature and salinity conditions (hydrological factor), sampled depth, chlorophyll concentration, and diel cycle. We analyzed and compared the impact of these factors on mesoplankton abundance, biodiversity, quantitative structure based on proportion of taxa and qualitative structure based on presence/absence of taxa in the Southern Ocean. Samples (43 stations, three vertical strata sampled at each station, 163 taxa identified) were collected with a Juday net along the SR02 transect in December 2009. Mesoplankton abundance in discrete vertical layers ranged from 0.2 to 13,743.6 ind. m−3, i.e., five orders of magnitude, maximal and minimal values were recorded in the upper mixed and in the deepest layer, respectively. Within the combined 300-m layer, abundances ranged from 16.0 to 1,455.0 ind. m−3, i.e., two orders of magnitude suggesting that integral samples provide little information about actual variations of mesoplankton abundances. A set of analyses showed that depth was the major driver of mesoplankton distribution (abundance, biodiversity, quantitative structure), hydrological factors influenced two of them (quantitative and qualitative structure), chlorophyll concentration strongly affected only quantitative structure, and diel cycle had an insignificant effect on mesoplankton distribution. Using our current knowledge of the fine structure of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current, we compared effects of four hydrological fronts, i.e., boundaries between different water-masses with distinct environmental characteristics, and eight dynamic jets (narrow yet very intense currents) on mesoplankton distribution. Subtropical, Polar, and Subantarctic Fronts drove quantitative and qualitative structure of mesoplankton assemblages (decreasing in order of influence), while the Southern Boundary affected only qualitative structure. Effects of dynamic jets were insignificant. We suggest that mesoplankton composition is driven by hydrological parameters and further maintained through compartmentalization by fronts. Impact of local eddies and meanders on biodiversity, abundance, qualitative and quantitative structure of mesoplankton is comparable to that of hydrological fronts. Qualitative structure of mesoplankton assemblages mirrors hydrological structure of the Southern Ocean better than quantitative structure and may be recommended for biogeographic analyses of the Southern Ocean. Comparisons with previous reports from the same area retrieved no significant changes in mesoplankton distribution during the period 1992–2009.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Composition Of Zooplankton Assemblages and Distribution Of Dominant Taxamentioning

confidence: 99%

Biogeography of the Southern Ocean: environmental factors driving mesoplankton distribution South of Africa

Vereshchaka¹,

Musaeva²,

Lunina³

2021

PeerJ

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“…Copepoda are dominant in many Antarctic regions in terms of both biomass and abundance, with few large species (for example Calanus propinquus , Calanoides acutus ) making up more than 40% of total copepod biomass, and frequently neglected smaller species (for example Oithona , Oncaea , Microcalanus , Ctenocalanus , and others) accounting for more than 80% of total copepod abundance (Kosobokova & Hirche 2000 ;Hopcroft & Robison 2005 ;Schnack -Schiel et al 2008 ). Park & Ferrari (2008) reported a total of 205 calanoid copepod species from the Southern Ocean: 184 species (of which 50 are endemic) were restricted to deep waters, 13 species (8 endemic) were epipelagic, and 8 species (all endemic) were neritic.…”

Section: Polar S Easmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Census of Zooplankton of the Global Ocean

Bucklin

Nishida

Schnack-Schiel

et al. 2010

Life in the World's Oceans

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IntroductionThe animals that drift with ocean currents throughout their lives (that is, the holozooplankton) include approximately 7,000 described species in 15 phyla. The holozooplankton assemblage is the focus of the Census of Marine Zooplankton (CMarZ; www.CMarZ.org ), which has produced comprehensive new information on species diversity, distribution, abundance, biomass, and genetic diversity. Our realm among Census of Marine Life projects is the open ocean; we have sampled biodiversity hot spots throughout the world ' s oceans: little -known seas of Southeast Asia, deep -sea zones below 5,000 m, and polar seas. We have used traditional plankton nets and newer sensing systems deployed from ships and submersibles. Our analysis has included traditional microscopic and morphological examination, as well as molecular genetic analysis of zooplankton populations and species. CMarZ has contributed to Census legacies in data and information for the Ocean Biogeographic Information System (see Chapter 17 ) and proven technologies of DNA barcoding. Our photograph galleries of living plankton have captured public interest, and our training workshops have enhanced taxonomic expertise in many countries. The knowledge gained will provide a new baseline for detection of impacts of climate change, and will contribute to our fundamental understanding of biogeochemical transports, fl uxes and sinks, productivity of living marine resources, and marine ecosystem health. Historical PerspectiveDespite more than a century of sampling the oceans, comprehensive understanding of zooplankton biodiversity has eluded oceanographers because of the fragility, rarity, small size, and/or systematic complexity of many taxa. For many zooplankton groups, there are long -standing and unresolved questions of species identifi cation, systematic relationships, genetic diversity and structure, and biogeography.There has never been a taxonomically comprehensive, global -scale summary of the current status of our knowledge of biodiversity of marine zooplankton. Although studies of the taxonomy, distribution, and abundance of zooplankton date back as far as the middle of the nineteenth century, worldwide distribution patterns have not been mapped for all described species. The cosmopolitan or circumglobal distributions characteristic of holozooplankton species of many groups have created special Life in the W orld's Oceans: Diversity, Distribution, and Abundance Edited

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“…Some species are restricted for certain depths, while others are known to make extensive diurnal, ontogenetic, or seasonal vertical migrations (Vinogradov, 1968; Longhurst, 1976; Taki, Hayashi & Naganobu, 2005; Tanimura et al, 2008; Cisewski et al, 2010). Specifically, in the spring many species arise to the surface water layers for feeding and reproduction in temperate, subpolar, and polar areas (Gliwicz, 1986; Żmijevska, 1987; Lampert, 1989; Park & Ferrari, 2009). Therefore, season and time of day are potentially strong factors influencing the vertical distribution of zooplankton.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zooplankton communities in the Drake Passage through environmental boundaries: a snapshot of 2010, early spring

Vedenin

Musaeva

Zas’ko

et al. 2019

PeerJ

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BackgroundSpatial distribution of zooplankton communities influenced by various environmental factors is always important for understanding pelagic ecosystems. The area of the Drake Passage (Southern Ocean) is of particular interest owing to the high spatial and temporal variability of hydrological parameters affecting marine fauna. This study provides a survey of zooplankton composition and spatial distribution along a transect in the Drake Passage sampled during the 31th Cruise of RV “Akademik Sergey Vavilov” in November, 2010. The main aim was to trace the main regularities in spatial zooplankton structure and its relationships with the environmental parameters.MethodologyA total of 43 vertical hauls from the surface to 1,000 m depth were made at 13 stations using the Juday plankton net. 60 taxa were recorded, abundance and biomass of each were assessed. Environmental parameters including temperature, salinity, depth, horizontal distance between stations and surface chlorophyll concentration were tested as environmental factors possibly explaining plankton distribution.ResultsHigher zooplankton abundance and biomass with lower diversity were observed near the Polar Front. Cluster analysis revealed five different groups of zooplankton samples, four of which were arranged mostly by depth. Along the transect within the 1,000 m depth range, the qualitative taxonomical composition differed significantly with depth and to some extent differed also among horizontal hydrological regimes, while the quantitative structure of the communities (abundance of taxa) was mainly determined by depth. Plankton assemblages within the upper 300-m layer depended on hydrological fronts. Abundance of dominant taxa as well as total zooplankton abundance showed a clear correlation with depth, salinity and surface chlorophyll concentration. Some taxa also showed correlations with temperature and latitude. Between the stations the similarity in zooplankton structure was clearly dependent on the distance among them which indicates an importance of latitudinal gradient. Surface chlorophyll concentration was not correlated with zooplankton biomass, which can be explained by the uncompleted seasonal migrations of zooplankton from deeper waters in early spring.

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Species diversity and distributions of pelagic calanoid copepods (Crustacea) from the Southern Ocean

Cited by 14 publications

References 33 publications

Biogeography of the Southern Ocean: environmental factors driving mesoplankton distribution South of Africa

Biogeography of the Southern Ocean: environmental factors driving mesoplankton distribution South of Africa

A Census of Zooplankton of the Global Ocean

Zooplankton communities in the Drake Passage through environmental boundaries: a snapshot of 2010, early spring

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